BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The discovery of different podocyte autoantibodies in membranous nephropathy (MN) raises questions about their pathogenetic and clinical meaning. This study sought to define antibody isotypes and correlations; to compare levels in MN, other glomerulonephritides, and controls; and to determine their association with clinical outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: Serum IgG(1), IgG(3), and IgG(4) against aldose reductase (AR), SOD2, and alpha-enolase (alphaENO) were measured at diagnosis in 186 consecutive MN patients, in 96 proteinuric controls (36 with FSGS, and 60 with IgA nephropathy), and in 92 healthy people recruited in four Italian nephrology units. Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2r) and anti-neutral endopeptidase (NEP) IgG(4) were titrated in the same specimens. Association with 1-year follow-up clinical parameters was studied in 120 patients. RESULTS: IgG(4) was the most common isotype for all antibodies; IgG(1) and IgG(3) were nearly negligible. IgG(4) levels were positive in a significant proportion of MN patients (AR, 34%; SOD2, 28%; alphaENO, 43%). Antibody titers were higher in MN than in healthy and pathologic controls (P<0.005). Anti-NEP IgG(4) did not differ from normal controls (P=0.12). Anti-PLA2r IgG(4) was detected in 60% of patients and correlated with anti-AR, anti-SOD2, and anti-alphaENO IgG(4) (P<0.001). In MN patients negative for the whole antibody panel (20%), 1-year proteinuria was lower compared with patients with at least one antibody positivity (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that IgG(4) is the prevalent isotype for antibodies against cytoplasmic antigens of podocytes (AR, SOD2, alphaENO). Their levels were higher than in other proteinuric glomerulonephritides and in normal controls and were correlated with anti-PLA2r. Only baseline negativity for all known antibodies predicted lower 1-year proteinuria.

Coexistence of different circulating anti-podocyte antibodies in membranous nephropathy / C., Murtas; M., Bruschi; G., Candiano; G., Moroni; Magistroni, Riccardo; A., Magnano; F., Bruno; A., Radice; L., Furci; L., Argentiero; M. L., Carnevali; P., Messa; F., Scolari; R. A., Sinico; L., Gesualdo; F. C., Fervenza; L., Allegri; P., Ravani; G. M., Ghiggeri. - In: CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY. - ISSN 1555-9041. - STAMPA. - 7:(2012), pp. 1394-1400. [10.2215/CJN.02170312]

Coexistence of different circulating anti-podocyte antibodies in membranous nephropathy

MAGISTRONI, Riccardo;
2012

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The discovery of different podocyte autoantibodies in membranous nephropathy (MN) raises questions about their pathogenetic and clinical meaning. This study sought to define antibody isotypes and correlations; to compare levels in MN, other glomerulonephritides, and controls; and to determine their association with clinical outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: Serum IgG(1), IgG(3), and IgG(4) against aldose reductase (AR), SOD2, and alpha-enolase (alphaENO) were measured at diagnosis in 186 consecutive MN patients, in 96 proteinuric controls (36 with FSGS, and 60 with IgA nephropathy), and in 92 healthy people recruited in four Italian nephrology units. Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2r) and anti-neutral endopeptidase (NEP) IgG(4) were titrated in the same specimens. Association with 1-year follow-up clinical parameters was studied in 120 patients. RESULTS: IgG(4) was the most common isotype for all antibodies; IgG(1) and IgG(3) were nearly negligible. IgG(4) levels were positive in a significant proportion of MN patients (AR, 34%; SOD2, 28%; alphaENO, 43%). Antibody titers were higher in MN than in healthy and pathologic controls (P<0.005). Anti-NEP IgG(4) did not differ from normal controls (P=0.12). Anti-PLA2r IgG(4) was detected in 60% of patients and correlated with anti-AR, anti-SOD2, and anti-alphaENO IgG(4) (P<0.001). In MN patients negative for the whole antibody panel (20%), 1-year proteinuria was lower compared with patients with at least one antibody positivity (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that IgG(4) is the prevalent isotype for antibodies against cytoplasmic antigens of podocytes (AR, SOD2, alphaENO). Their levels were higher than in other proteinuric glomerulonephritides and in normal controls and were correlated with anti-PLA2r. Only baseline negativity for all known antibodies predicted lower 1-year proteinuria.
2012
7
1394
1400
Coexistence of different circulating anti-podocyte antibodies in membranous nephropathy / C., Murtas; M., Bruschi; G., Candiano; G., Moroni; Magistroni, Riccardo; A., Magnano; F., Bruno; A., Radice; L., Furci; L., Argentiero; M. L., Carnevali; P., Messa; F., Scolari; R. A., Sinico; L., Gesualdo; F. C., Fervenza; L., Allegri; P., Ravani; G. M., Ghiggeri. - In: CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY. - ISSN 1555-9041. - STAMPA. - 7:(2012), pp. 1394-1400. [10.2215/CJN.02170312]
C., Murtas; M., Bruschi; G., Candiano; G., Moroni; Magistroni, Riccardo; A., Magnano; F., Bruno; A., Radice; L., Furci; L., Argentiero; M. L., Carnevali; P., Messa; F., Scolari; R. A., Sinico; L., Gesualdo; F. C., Fervenza; L., Allegri; P., Ravani; G. M., Ghiggeri
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