The delivery of active substances is currently one of the most stimulating challenge due to the inability of conventional medicine to apply effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of brain pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors and HIV-related dementia as well as the application to other cancer diseases or leukemia. The use of nanodevices (ND), such as liposome (Lp) and nanoparticles (Np) have a long-time application as drug delivery systems. Regarding brain delivery, it is notable that these systems, if not engineered, are totally unable to cross the healthy state BBB; thus, the role of ND surface engineering surely represents the milestone for a promising future application in difficult-to-treat brain pathologies. These ND can be modified with specific ligands or, more generally, substances, able to increase their ability to cross BBB by means of specific mechanisms, such as absorptive-mediated transcytosis or receptor-mediated endocytosis. It is the case of specific peptides which have been conjugated with polymeric or lipidic nanodevices to allow a more selective drug delivery across the BBB, giving pharmacological evidences of the increase activity.Regarding other liposomes application, these lipidic non viral vectors have deserved considerable attention, as they have been shown to efficiently incorporate a large variety of drugs, as well as of different biologically active molecules, such as proteins, plasmids, and siRNA/ODN (see background section). Additionally, the modification of the liposome surface with hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene-glycol (PEG) does not only improve chemical stability of circulating drug-liposome formulations, but it also provides a natural support to conjugate specific ligands (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) on the nanocarrier surface and selectively direct the so-called immunoliposomes towards target cells. Considering the active role of the chronic infection in the development of cancer, the nanotechnological approach can be usefully applied to oncologic medicine, in particular to set up innovative strategies for the treatment of pathogen-associated diseases.
Nanotechonology for drug delivery / Ruozi, Barbara. - STAMPA. - unico:(2010), pp. 130-130. (Intervento presentato al convegno CIMTEC-5th Forum on New Materials tenutosi a Montecatini nel 15 giugno 2010).
Nanotechonology for drug delivery
RUOZI, Barbara
2010
Abstract
The delivery of active substances is currently one of the most stimulating challenge due to the inability of conventional medicine to apply effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of brain pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors and HIV-related dementia as well as the application to other cancer diseases or leukemia. The use of nanodevices (ND), such as liposome (Lp) and nanoparticles (Np) have a long-time application as drug delivery systems. Regarding brain delivery, it is notable that these systems, if not engineered, are totally unable to cross the healthy state BBB; thus, the role of ND surface engineering surely represents the milestone for a promising future application in difficult-to-treat brain pathologies. These ND can be modified with specific ligands or, more generally, substances, able to increase their ability to cross BBB by means of specific mechanisms, such as absorptive-mediated transcytosis or receptor-mediated endocytosis. It is the case of specific peptides which have been conjugated with polymeric or lipidic nanodevices to allow a more selective drug delivery across the BBB, giving pharmacological evidences of the increase activity.Regarding other liposomes application, these lipidic non viral vectors have deserved considerable attention, as they have been shown to efficiently incorporate a large variety of drugs, as well as of different biologically active molecules, such as proteins, plasmids, and siRNA/ODN (see background section). Additionally, the modification of the liposome surface with hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene-glycol (PEG) does not only improve chemical stability of circulating drug-liposome formulations, but it also provides a natural support to conjugate specific ligands (e.g. monoclonal antibodies) on the nanocarrier surface and selectively direct the so-called immunoliposomes towards target cells. Considering the active role of the chronic infection in the development of cancer, the nanotechnological approach can be usefully applied to oncologic medicine, in particular to set up innovative strategies for the treatment of pathogen-associated diseases.
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