PURPOSE: The control of nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy is paramount for overall treatment success in cancer patients. Antiemetic therapy during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients generally consists of anti-serotoninergic drugs and dexamethasone. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of palonosetron, a second-generation serotonin type 3 (5-HT(3)) receptor antagonist, in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) containing steroids.METHODS: Patients received a single intravenous bolus of palonosetron (0.25 mg) before administration of chemotherapy. Complete response (CR) defined as no vomiting and no rescue therapy during overall phase (0-120 h) was the primary endpoint. Complete control (CC) defined as CR and only mild nausea was a secondary endpoint.RESULTS: Eighty-six evaluable patients entered in the study. A CR was observed in 74 patients (86.0%) during the overall phase; the CR during the acute (0-24 h) and delayed (24-120 h) phases was 90.7% and 88.4%, respectively. CC was 89.5% during the acute and 84.9% during the delayed phase; the overall CC was 82.6%.CONCLUSIONS: This was the first trial, which demonstrated the efficacy of a single dose of palonosetron in control CINV in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma receiving MEC regimen containing steroids.

Single-dose Palonosetron for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy containig steroids: results of a phase II study from the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio dei Linfomi (GISL) / Di Renzo, N.; Montanini, Antonella; Mannina, D.; Dondi, Alessandra; Muci, S.; Mancuso, S.; De Polis, M. R.; Plati, C.; Stelitano, C.; Patti, C.; Olivieri, A.; Liardo, E.; Buda, G.; Cantaffa, R.; Federico, Massimo. - In: SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER. - ISSN 0941-4355. - STAMPA. - 19(2011), pp. 1505-1510.

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