A guideline’s formulation should include a clear question with specification of all outcomes of importance to patients GRADE offers four levels of evidence quality: high, moderate, low, and very low Randomised trials begin as high quality evidence and observational studies as low quality evidence Quality may be downgraded as a result of limitations in study design or implementation, imprecision of estimates (wide confidence intervals), variability in results, indirectness of evidence, or publication bias Quality may be upgraded because of a very large magnitude of effect, a dose-response gradient, . . . [Full text of this article]
Grading Quality of Evidence and Strength of Recommendations for Diagnostic Tests and Strategies / Shunemann H., J; Oxman A., D; Borzek, J; Glasziou, P; Jaeschke, R; Vist G., E; Williams J. W., Jr; Kunz, R; Craig, J; Montori V., M; Bossuyt, P; Guyatt G., H; Liberati, Alessandro; Grade Working, Group. - In: BMJ. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. - ISSN 0959-8138. - STAMPA. - 336:(2008), pp. 1106-1110. [10.1136/bmj.39500.677199.AE]
Grading Quality of Evidence and Strength of Recommendations for Diagnostic Tests and Strategies
LIBERATI, Alessandro;
2008
Abstract
A guideline’s formulation should include a clear question with specification of all outcomes of importance to patients GRADE offers four levels of evidence quality: high, moderate, low, and very low Randomised trials begin as high quality evidence and observational studies as low quality evidence Quality may be downgraded as a result of limitations in study design or implementation, imprecision of estimates (wide confidence intervals), variability in results, indirectness of evidence, or publication bias Quality may be upgraded because of a very large magnitude of effect, a dose-response gradient, . . . [Full text of this article]
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