Polythiophene derivatives constitute nowadays the most extensively studied class of conducting polymers, thanks to their mechanical and thermal stability, as well as to their physical and chemical properties, such as electronic conductivity, electrochromism, solvatochromism, thermochromism and luminescence. These materials have been proposed for use in a wide range of applications, including chemical sensors, light emitting diodes, thin film transistors, different electrocatalytic systems, batteries, smart windows, and even artificial muscles.Peculiar systems are realised by anchoring similar materials on substrates. In particular, conductive substrates suitably coated by polythiophene derivatives constitute particularly interesting electrode systems that can be exploited in numerous electrochemical-electroanalytical applications. However, a notable part of the research activity in these fields is today evolving toward the insertion of metals into the polythiophenes matrix, in order to further improve the performances of the pure organic material. The driving force to these studies lies in the possibility to combine the properties of the organic and inorganic entities, taking advantage of their synergic interaction. Basically, two different approaches, resulting in hybrids/composites of quite different nature, have been followed: i) link of metal complexes to the polymeric backbone; ii) inclusion of metal ions and complexes, of clusters, oxides or nanoparticles into the polymer. In similar systems, the presence of the metal is supposed to deeply affect the electronic and electrochemical properties of the resulting hybrid/composite material.The aim of the present contribution is to give a picture of the variety of polythiophene-based hybrid/composite materials developed, with reference to the systems in which the polymer is supported on a conductive substrate, to constitute an electrode system. The different physico-chemical characterisations are treated, mainly devoted to clarify the interactions between the polymer and the metal centres, as well as the nature of the interface between the ambient and the composite as a whole. Description is given of some applications in electrochemical environments.
Electrode coatings consisting of polythiophene-based composites containing metal centres / Zanardi, Chiara; Terzi, Fabio; Pigani, Laura; Seeber, Renato. - STAMPA. - (2009), pp. 1-74.
Electrode coatings consisting of polythiophene-based composites containing metal centres.
ZANARDI, Chiara;TERZI, Fabio;PIGANI, Laura;SEEBER, Renato
2009
Abstract
Polythiophene derivatives constitute nowadays the most extensively studied class of conducting polymers, thanks to their mechanical and thermal stability, as well as to their physical and chemical properties, such as electronic conductivity, electrochromism, solvatochromism, thermochromism and luminescence. These materials have been proposed for use in a wide range of applications, including chemical sensors, light emitting diodes, thin film transistors, different electrocatalytic systems, batteries, smart windows, and even artificial muscles.Peculiar systems are realised by anchoring similar materials on substrates. In particular, conductive substrates suitably coated by polythiophene derivatives constitute particularly interesting electrode systems that can be exploited in numerous electrochemical-electroanalytical applications. However, a notable part of the research activity in these fields is today evolving toward the insertion of metals into the polythiophenes matrix, in order to further improve the performances of the pure organic material. The driving force to these studies lies in the possibility to combine the properties of the organic and inorganic entities, taking advantage of their synergic interaction. Basically, two different approaches, resulting in hybrids/composites of quite different nature, have been followed: i) link of metal complexes to the polymeric backbone; ii) inclusion of metal ions and complexes, of clusters, oxides or nanoparticles into the polymer. In similar systems, the presence of the metal is supposed to deeply affect the electronic and electrochemical properties of the resulting hybrid/composite material.The aim of the present contribution is to give a picture of the variety of polythiophene-based hybrid/composite materials developed, with reference to the systems in which the polymer is supported on a conductive substrate, to constitute an electrode system. The different physico-chemical characterisations are treated, mainly devoted to clarify the interactions between the polymer and the metal centres, as well as the nature of the interface between the ambient and the composite as a whole. Description is given of some applications in electrochemical environments.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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