Objectives: To study the cellular localization of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in rare cases of HHV-8 infection from Italy that are associated neither with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection nor Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Methods: The presence and distribution of HHV-8-infected cells was investigated by direct in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the lymph node tissues from 2 patients with reactive lymphadenopathies with florid follicular hyperplasia and increased vascularity and in the lung tissue from 1 patient with chronic interstitial pneumonitis. Results: HHV-8 was localized in lymphoid and monocyte-macrophage cells scattered in the interfollicular regions of both lymph nodes but not in endothelial cells. In the lung tissue, HHV-8 was found in the inflammatory cells infiltrating the interalveolar interstitium, in endothelial cells of the pulmonary vasculature, and in rare pneumocytes. Conclusions: HHV-8 can infect nonneoplastic lymph nodes of immunocompetent subjects, and the distribution of infected cells outside of the germinal centers resembles that of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells in the lymph nodes in the course of infectious mononucleosis. Endothelial cells and pneumocytes may be a target of HHV-8 infection out of the KS setting, at least in the presence of a chronic inflammatory process.

Cellular localization of human herpesvirus 8 in nonneoplastic lymphadenopathies and chronic interstitial pneumonitis by in situ polymerase chain reaction studies / Trovato, R; Luppi, Mario; Barozzi, Patrizia; Da Prato, L; Maiorana, Antonino; Lico, S; Marasca, Roberto; Torricelli, Pietro; Torelli, Giuseppe; Ceccherini Nelli, L.. - In: JOURNAL OF HUMAN VIROLOGY. - ISSN 1090-9508. - STAMPA. - 2(1999), pp. 38-44.

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