Advanced microscopic approaches to the study of eukaryotic chromosomes

Since the first discoveries of Schneider and Flemming, several papers have been published on chromosome structure making the understanding of chromatin organization in chromosomes one of the most attractive topics of the current biosciences. Several new discoveries on chromosome structure arose from advanced microscopy techniques that flanked light and electron microscopy. In the present review, the newest microscopy techniques applied to the study of the chromosome structure are presented and discussed in order to evidence the advantages and disadvantages of each approach