We address the problem of how to test whether an observed solar hard X-ray bremsstrahlung spectrum ($I(\epsilon)$) is consistent with a purely thermal (locally Maxwellian) distribution of source electrons, and, if so, how to reconstruct the corresponding differential emission measure ($\xi(T)$). Unlike previous analysis based on the Kramers and Bethe-Heitler approximations to the bremsstrahlung cross-section, here we use an exact (solid-angle-averaged) cross-section. We show that the problem of determining $\xi(T)$ from measurements of $I(\epsilon)$ involves two successive inverse problems: the first, to recover the mean source-electron flux spectrum ($F(E)$) from $I(\epsilon)$ and the second, to recover $\xi(T)$ from $F(E)$. We discuss the highly pathological numerical properties of this second problem within the framework of the regularization theory for linear inverse problems. In particular, we show that an iterative scheme with a positivity constraint is effective in recovering $\delta$-like forms of $\xi(T)$ while first-order Tikhonov regularization with boundary conditions works well in the case of power-law-like forms. Therefore, we introduce a restoration approach whereby the low-energy part of $F(E)$,dominated by the thermal component, is inverted by using the iterative algorithm with positivity, while the high-energy part, dominated by the power-law component, is inverted by using first-order regularization. This approach is first tested by using simulated $F(E)$ derived from a priori known forms of $\xi(T)$ and then applied to hard X-ray spectral data from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI).
Regularized reconstruction of the differential emission measure from solar flare hard X-ray spectra / Prato, Marco; M., Piana; J. C., Brown; A. G., Emslie; E. P., Kontar; A. M., Massone. - In: SOLAR PHYSICS. - ISSN 0038-0938. - STAMPA. - 237:1(2006), pp. 61-83. [10.1007/s11207-006-0029-1]
Regularized reconstruction of the differential emission measure from solar flare hard X-ray spectra
PRATO, Marco;
2006
Abstract
We address the problem of how to test whether an observed solar hard X-ray bremsstrahlung spectrum ($I(\epsilon)$) is consistent with a purely thermal (locally Maxwellian) distribution of source electrons, and, if so, how to reconstruct the corresponding differential emission measure ($\xi(T)$). Unlike previous analysis based on the Kramers and Bethe-Heitler approximations to the bremsstrahlung cross-section, here we use an exact (solid-angle-averaged) cross-section. We show that the problem of determining $\xi(T)$ from measurements of $I(\epsilon)$ involves two successive inverse problems: the first, to recover the mean source-electron flux spectrum ($F(E)$) from $I(\epsilon)$ and the second, to recover $\xi(T)$ from $F(E)$. We discuss the highly pathological numerical properties of this second problem within the framework of the regularization theory for linear inverse problems. In particular, we show that an iterative scheme with a positivity constraint is effective in recovering $\delta$-like forms of $\xi(T)$ while first-order Tikhonov regularization with boundary conditions works well in the case of power-law-like forms. Therefore, we introduce a restoration approach whereby the low-energy part of $F(E)$,dominated by the thermal component, is inverted by using the iterative algorithm with positivity, while the high-energy part, dominated by the power-law component, is inverted by using first-order regularization. This approach is first tested by using simulated $F(E)$ derived from a priori known forms of $\xi(T)$ and then applied to hard X-ray spectral data from the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI).Pubblicazioni consigliate
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