Fever, cutaneous rash, and hepatitis-for which an infectious cause was suspected-developed in an Italian patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma after autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primers for the highly conserved DNA polymerase gene of herpesviruses detected herpesvirus sequences 100% identical to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in serial cell-free serum samples, collected immediately before or concomitant with the occurrence of clinical symptoms; no other common infections were documented. The presence of the HHV-8 genome (clade C) was confirmed by PCR with HHV-8-specific primers for orf 26 and orf-K1, HHV-8 viremia was undetectable either before transplantation or when the patient was clinically asymptomatic. Semiquantitative PCR analysis showed variations of the viral load correlating with the clinical status. Anti-HHV-8 antibodies were detected before and after transplantation by an immunofluorescence assay for lytic antigens. Active HHV-8 infection may be associated with nonmalignant illness after PBSC/bone marrow transplantation. (Blood. 2000;96:2355-2357)

Nonmalignant disease associated with human herpesvirus 8 reactivation in patients who have undergone autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation / Luppi, Mario; Barozzi, Patrizia; Tf, Schulz; R., Trovato; A., Donelli; Narni, Franco; J., Sheldon; Marasca, Roberto; Torelli, Giuseppe. - In: BLOOD. - ISSN 0006-4971. - STAMPA. - 96(2000), pp. 2355-2357.

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