Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression is strongly regulated by adrenocorticosteroids via activated gluco- and mineralocorticoid receptors. Four separate promoters are located upstream of the BDNF noncoding exons I to IV and may thus be involved in adrenocorticosteroid-mediated gene regulation. In adrenalectomised rats, corticosterone (10 mg/kg s.c.) induces a robust down-regulation of both BDNF mRNA and protein levels in the hippocampus peaking at 2-8 h. To study the role of the individual promoters in the corticosterone response, we employed exon-specific riboprobe in situ hybridisation as well as real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the dentate gyrus. We found a down-regulation, mainly of exon IV and the protein-coding exon V, in nearby all hippocampal subregions, but exon II was only down-regulated in the dentate gyrus. Exon I and exon III transcripts were not affected by corticosterone treatment. The results could be confirmed with real-time PCR in the dentate gyrus. It appears as if the exon IV promoter is the major target for corticosterone-mediated transcriptional regulation of BDNF in the hippocampus.

Corticosterone actions on the hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression are mediated by exon IV promoter / A. C., Hansson; W. H., Sommer; M., Metsis; I., Stromberg; Agnati, Luigi Francesco; K., Fuxe. - In: JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY. - ISSN 0953-8194. - STAMPA. - 18:2(2006), pp. 104-114. [10.1111/j.1365-2826.2005.01390.x]

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