This research is based on a comparative study of three Qurʾānic commentaries composed in Nishapur during the fifth century of the Hiǧra: the Laṭāʾif al-išārāt by Abū al-Qāsim al-Qušayrī (d. 465/1072), the Tafsīr al-kabīr, probably attributable to the same author, and the Taysīr fī al-tafsīr by his son Abū Naṣr al-Qušayrī (d. 514/1120). The main objective of this research is to examine the different methodological and exegetical approaches adopted in these three works, taking as a case study the interpretation of the Qurʾānic isolated letters (ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿa). The choice of this specific focus arises from the remarkable heterogeneity of readings that these letters have generated due to their intrinsic ambiguity. Since the classical period, exegetes have generally been divided into three main orientations: some have considered the isolated letters to be devoid of meaning; others, on the contrary, have regarded them as meaningful and thus requiring interpretation; while still others have viewed them as a sirr (divine secret) of the Qurʾān whose knowledge belongs to God alone. Within the second group — those who attribute meaning to the letters — the exegetical interpretations have been manifold and diverse. Among these approaches, the Sufi exegesis of the isolated letters has received comparatively little scholarly attention, which motivated the present comparative analysis of their interpretation in these three commentaries. The Laṭāʾif al-išārāt is one of the earliest Sufi commentaries on the Qurʾān, composed by Abū al-Qāsim al-Qušayrī in 437/1045, during the period of his intellectual maturity. In this work, the author comments on each verse of the Qurʾān individually, demonstrating wide-ranging expertise in legal, literary, grammatical, ethical, and theological disciplines, as well as a profound spiritual understanding of the sacred text. The Laṭāʾif is characterized by a spiritual and symbolic interpretation of the Qurʾān, while maintaining a careful balance with the traditional methods of classical exegesis. The Tafsīr al-kabīr belongs to the classical exegetical tradition. The question of its attribution to Abū al-Qāsim remains debated among scholars and requires further investigation. Should this attribution be confirmed, the existence of two commentaries with distinct exegetical orientations would provide an opportunity for a more comprehensive understanding of the author’s thought. Finally, the Taysīr fī al-tafsīr by Abū Naṣr al-Qušayrī represents a later stage in the development of the Qušayrian exegetical tradition. The analysis of this work makes it possible to observe the processes of reception and re-elaboration of the paternal legacy, highlighting elements of both continuity and divergence in the interpretation of the isolated letters. Overall, this research aims to contribute to the understanding of the diverse approaches to the ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿa and to the role of Sufi exegesis in the development of Qurʾānic sciences in the classical period, shedding light on the intersections and distinctions between Sufi and traditional approaches within the Qušayrian school of Nishapur.

Questa ricerca si basa sul confronto fra tre commentari coranici composti a Nišāpūr nel V secolo dell’Egira: le Laṭāʾif al-išārāt di Abū al-Qāsim al-Qušayrī (m. 465/1072), il Tafsīr al-kabīr, di probabile attribuzione allo stesso autore, e il Taysīr fī al-tafsīr di suo figlio Abū Naṣr al-Qušayrī (m. 514/1120). L’obiettivo principale della ricerca consiste in un’indagine sui diversi approcci metodologici ed esegetici dei tre commentari, prendendo come caso studio l’interpretazione delle lettere isolate del Corano. La scelta del caso studio nasce dalla constatazione di una notevole eterogeneità di letture che le lettere isolate hanno generato proprio a causa del loro carattere ambiguo. Sin dall’epoca classica, i commentatori si sono generalmente distinti in tre orientamenti principali: alcuni le hanno considerate prive di significato, altri al contrario le hanno intese come dotate di un significato che necessita di un’interpretazione, e altri ancora come un sirr (segreto) insondabile del Corano la cui conoscenza appartiene esclusivamente a Dio. All’interno del secondo gruppo, ovvero di coloro che le considerano dotate di significato, le interpretazioni sono state varie e molteplici. Una modalità esegetica di accostarsi a queste lettere, alla quale però gli studiosi hanno prestato relativamente poca attenzione, è quella dei commentari sufi. Da qui la scelta di un confronto sull’interpretazione delle lettere in questi tre commentari. Le Laṭāʾif al-išārāt è uno tra i primi commentari sufi, composto da Abū al-Qāsim al-Qušayrī nel 437/1045, periodo della sua maturità. L’autore commenta singolarmente ciascun versetto del Corano, mostrando una ampia gamma di conoscenze legislative, letterarie, grammaticali, etiche e teologiche, oltre ad una profonda comprensione spirituale del testo sacro. Le Laṭāʾif si caratterizzano per un’interpretazione spirituale e simbolica del Testo sacro, pur mantenendo un delicato equilibrio con le interpretazioni tradizionali dell’esegesi classica. Il al-Tafsīr al-kabīr si inserisce nell’ambito dell’esegesi classica del Corano. La questione della sua attribuzione ad Abū al-Qāsim è attualmente dibattuta tra gli studiosi e necessita di ulteriori studi. Qualora l’attribuzione di questo tafsīr ad al-Qušayrī fosse confermata, la presenza di due commentari con orientamenti esegetici differenti offrirebbe l’opportunità di un’analisi più completa del pensiero dell’autore. Inoltre, il al-Taysīr fī al-tafsīr di Abū Naṣr al-Qušayrī, rappresenta una fase ulteriore nell’elaborazione della tradizione esegetica qušayriana. L’analisi di quest’opera permette di osservare la ricezione e rielaborazione dell’eredità paterna, evidenziando elementi di continuità e divergenza nell’interpretazione delle lettere isolate. Nel complesso, la ricerca intende offrire un contributo alla comprensione delle diverse modalità di lettura delle ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿa e al ruolo che l’esegesi sufi ha svolto nello sviluppo delle scienze coraniche in età classica, ponendo in luce le intersezioni e le distinzioni tra approccio sufi e tradizionale all’interno della scuola qušayriana di Nišāpūr.

I commentari coranici di Abū l-Qāsim al-Qušayrī (m. 465/1072) a confronto: uno studio sull’interpretazione delle lettere isolate del Corano / Rosalia Schimmenti , 2026 Sep 07. 38. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2024/2025.

I commentari coranici di Abū l-Qāsim al-Qušayrī (m. 465/1072) a confronto: uno studio sull’interpretazione delle lettere isolate del Corano

SCHIMMENTI, ROSALIA
2026

Abstract

This research is based on a comparative study of three Qurʾānic commentaries composed in Nishapur during the fifth century of the Hiǧra: the Laṭāʾif al-išārāt by Abū al-Qāsim al-Qušayrī (d. 465/1072), the Tafsīr al-kabīr, probably attributable to the same author, and the Taysīr fī al-tafsīr by his son Abū Naṣr al-Qušayrī (d. 514/1120). The main objective of this research is to examine the different methodological and exegetical approaches adopted in these three works, taking as a case study the interpretation of the Qurʾānic isolated letters (ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿa). The choice of this specific focus arises from the remarkable heterogeneity of readings that these letters have generated due to their intrinsic ambiguity. Since the classical period, exegetes have generally been divided into three main orientations: some have considered the isolated letters to be devoid of meaning; others, on the contrary, have regarded them as meaningful and thus requiring interpretation; while still others have viewed them as a sirr (divine secret) of the Qurʾān whose knowledge belongs to God alone. Within the second group — those who attribute meaning to the letters — the exegetical interpretations have been manifold and diverse. Among these approaches, the Sufi exegesis of the isolated letters has received comparatively little scholarly attention, which motivated the present comparative analysis of their interpretation in these three commentaries. The Laṭāʾif al-išārāt is one of the earliest Sufi commentaries on the Qurʾān, composed by Abū al-Qāsim al-Qušayrī in 437/1045, during the period of his intellectual maturity. In this work, the author comments on each verse of the Qurʾān individually, demonstrating wide-ranging expertise in legal, literary, grammatical, ethical, and theological disciplines, as well as a profound spiritual understanding of the sacred text. The Laṭāʾif is characterized by a spiritual and symbolic interpretation of the Qurʾān, while maintaining a careful balance with the traditional methods of classical exegesis. The Tafsīr al-kabīr belongs to the classical exegetical tradition. The question of its attribution to Abū al-Qāsim remains debated among scholars and requires further investigation. Should this attribution be confirmed, the existence of two commentaries with distinct exegetical orientations would provide an opportunity for a more comprehensive understanding of the author’s thought. Finally, the Taysīr fī al-tafsīr by Abū Naṣr al-Qušayrī represents a later stage in the development of the Qušayrian exegetical tradition. The analysis of this work makes it possible to observe the processes of reception and re-elaboration of the paternal legacy, highlighting elements of both continuity and divergence in the interpretation of the isolated letters. Overall, this research aims to contribute to the understanding of the diverse approaches to the ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿa and to the role of Sufi exegesis in the development of Qurʾānic sciences in the classical period, shedding light on the intersections and distinctions between Sufi and traditional approaches within the Qušayrian school of Nishapur.
A Comparative Study of Abū l-Qāsim al-Qušayrī’s Qurʾānic Commentaries: A Case Study of the Interpretation of the Qurʾān’s Isolated Letters
7-set-2026
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Descrizione: I commentari coranici di Abū l-Qāsim al-Qušayrī (m. 465/1072) a confronto: uno studio sull’interpretazione delle lettere isolate del Corano
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1417631
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