This thesis aimed to demonstrate how Giovanni Franzoni’s story occupied a singular yet revealing place in the religious, political, and cultural history in the years following Vatican II. Between 1964, the year he participated in the Council as abbot, and 1976, the date of his dismissal from the clergy, a journey unfolded that intertwined the personal path of a cleric with the profound transformations of post-conciliar Catholicism, the tensions of Italian society, and the political and religious movements spreading throughout Europe and beyond. The aim of this research was to construct, for the first time, a scholarly monographic study on Franzoni, drawing on extensive archival documentation and a comparison with the international historiographical context. Despite the public notoriety of the “Franzoni case”, his story has remained marginalized in historiography, confined to journalistic narratives or evoked as a side episode in the broader history of the Second Vatican Council’s reception and of grassroots Christian communities. The lack of dedicated critical reflection has, over time, led to a twofold reduction: on the one hand, the polemical caricature of the “red abbot”, and on the other, a historiographical neutralization that has marginalized him compared to the “official” protagonists of the post-conciliar era. In this sense, the entire research project has taken the form of a pioneering exploration, consciously positioned in unexplored territory. Reconstructing Franzoni’s journey has meant traversing fragmented archival terrain, engaging with a layered and often conflicting ecclesial memory, deciphering heterogeneous community practices, and situating a local experience at the heart of global dynamics. The starting point, therefore, was a historiographical void. Franzoni undoubtedly embodied a liminal figure: abbot and council father, a man of rigorous monastic formation, yet also a promoter of an autonomous ecclesial community and a critical interlocutor of the hierarchy. His very position on the periphery makes him a privileged observatory for interpreting from within the conflicts that gripped the Catholic Church in the 1960s and 1970s. The research findings clearly demonstrated how Franzoni’s story required reconstruction to free it from the oblivion to which it had been relegated. Indeed, he was a historical actor who was more marginalized than marginal, whose trajectory illuminated profound and often still relevant tensions, such as the relationship between authority and community, between faith and politics, between monastic tradition and historical commitment. The reception of the Council, far from being a linear process, emerged as a terrain of criticism and creativity, and, ultimately, of confrontation between different models of the Church. The story of the Grassroots Community of san Paolo shows how, within the Church itself, forms of organized criticism and theological reworking developed, applied to the level of practice. Its history allows for a more comprehensive rereading of the entire post-conciliar era, including actors and dynamics that have thus far remained marginalized. From a historiographical perspective, the work aimed to broaden the narrative of the Council’s reception, too often limited to episcopal and institutional perspectives. Studying Franzoni’s specific story also meant restoring space to forms of political and communitarian Christianity that, beyond any judgment of merit, marked the life of the Church, yet which have often been dismissed or forgotten.
La tesi ha inteso mostrare come la vicenda di Giovanni Franzoni abbia occupato tanto un luogo singolare, quanto, tuttavia, rivelatore nella storia religiosa, politica e culturale dell’Italia repubblicana negli anni che seguirono il Vaticano II. Tra il 1964, anno della sua partecipazione al concilio in qualità di giovane abate dell’antica abbazia di san Paolo fuori le Mura, e il 1976, data della sua dimissione dallo stato clericale, si dispiegò un itinerario che intrecciò il percorso personale di un religioso con le trasformazioni profonde del cattolicesimo postconciliare, con le tensioni della società italiana e con i movimenti politici e religiosi diffusi in Europa e in altri contesti mondiali. L’obiettivo della ricerca è stato quello di costruire, per la prima volta, uno studio monografico scientificamente fondato su Franzoni, basato su un’ampia documentazione archivistica e sul confronto con il contesto storiografico internazionale. Nonostante, infatti, la notorietà pubblica del “caso Franzoni”, la sua vicenda è rimasta ai margini della storiografia, confinata in narrazioni giornalistiche o evocata come episodio collaterale della più ampia storia della ricezione conciliare e delle comunità cristiane di base. L’assenza di una riflessione critica dedicata ha prodotto, nel tempo, una duplice riduzione: da un lato la caricatura polemica dell’“abate rosso”, dall’altro una neutralizzazione storiografica che lo ha reso figura marginale rispetto ai protagonisti “ufficiali” della stagione postconciliare. In tale senso, l’intero progetto di ricerca ha assunto la forma di un’esplorazione pionieristica, consapevolmente collocata in un territorio ancora poco battuto. Ricostruire il percorso di Franzoni ha significato attraversare terreni archivistici frammentari, confrontarsi con una memoria ecclesiale stratificata e spesso conflittuale, decifrare pratiche comunitarie eterogenee, collocare un’esperienza locale nel cuore di dinamiche globali. Il punto di partenza è stato, quindi, un vuoto storiografico. Franzoni ha incarnato, indubbiamente, una figura liminale: abate e padre conciliare, uomo di formazione monastica rigorosa, ma pure promotore di una comunità ecclesiale autonoma e interlocutore critico della gerarchia. Proprio la sua posizione di confine ne fa un osservatorio privilegiato per leggere dall’interno i conflitti che attraversarono la chiesa cattolica degli anni Sessanta e Settanta. I risultati della ricerca hanno mostrato con chiarezza come la vicenda di Franzoni necessitasse un lavoro di ricostruzione per liberarla dall’oblio in cui era relegata. Egli, infatti, fu un attore storico marginalizzato più che marginale, la cui traiettoria illuminò tensioni profonde e, spesso, tuttora attuali come il rapporto tra autorità e comunità, tra fede e politica, tra tradizione monastica e impegno storico. La ricezione conciliare, lungi dall’essere stato un processo lineare, emerse come terreno di critica e di creatività, di confronto, in definitiva, tra modelli diversi di chiesa. La vicenda della Comunità di base di san Paolo mostra come, all’interno stesso della chiesa (o almeno fino a che la chiesa gerarchica lo permise), si siano sviluppate forme di critica organizzata e di rielaborazione teologica declinata sul piano della prassi. La sua storia consente di rileggere l’intera stagione postconciliare in modo più articolato, includendo attori e dinamiche finora restati sul margine. Sul piano storiografico, il lavoro ha inteso contribuire ad allargare lo spettro della narrazione della ricezione conciliare, troppo spesso limitata a prospettive episcopali e istituzionali. Lo studio della vicenda specifica di Franzoni ha significato pure restituire spazio a forme di cristianesimo politico e comunitario che hanno segnato, al di la di ogni giudizio di merito, la vita della chiesa ma che, spesso, sono state rimosse o dimenticate.
La figura e l'opera di dom Franzoni nel postconcilio (1964-1976) / Massimiliano Palmesano , 2026 May 05. 38. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2024/2025.
La figura e l'opera di dom Franzoni nel postconcilio (1964-1976)
PALMESANO, MASSIMILIANO
2026
Abstract
This thesis aimed to demonstrate how Giovanni Franzoni’s story occupied a singular yet revealing place in the religious, political, and cultural history in the years following Vatican II. Between 1964, the year he participated in the Council as abbot, and 1976, the date of his dismissal from the clergy, a journey unfolded that intertwined the personal path of a cleric with the profound transformations of post-conciliar Catholicism, the tensions of Italian society, and the political and religious movements spreading throughout Europe and beyond. The aim of this research was to construct, for the first time, a scholarly monographic study on Franzoni, drawing on extensive archival documentation and a comparison with the international historiographical context. Despite the public notoriety of the “Franzoni case”, his story has remained marginalized in historiography, confined to journalistic narratives or evoked as a side episode in the broader history of the Second Vatican Council’s reception and of grassroots Christian communities. The lack of dedicated critical reflection has, over time, led to a twofold reduction: on the one hand, the polemical caricature of the “red abbot”, and on the other, a historiographical neutralization that has marginalized him compared to the “official” protagonists of the post-conciliar era. In this sense, the entire research project has taken the form of a pioneering exploration, consciously positioned in unexplored territory. Reconstructing Franzoni’s journey has meant traversing fragmented archival terrain, engaging with a layered and often conflicting ecclesial memory, deciphering heterogeneous community practices, and situating a local experience at the heart of global dynamics. The starting point, therefore, was a historiographical void. Franzoni undoubtedly embodied a liminal figure: abbot and council father, a man of rigorous monastic formation, yet also a promoter of an autonomous ecclesial community and a critical interlocutor of the hierarchy. His very position on the periphery makes him a privileged observatory for interpreting from within the conflicts that gripped the Catholic Church in the 1960s and 1970s. The research findings clearly demonstrated how Franzoni’s story required reconstruction to free it from the oblivion to which it had been relegated. Indeed, he was a historical actor who was more marginalized than marginal, whose trajectory illuminated profound and often still relevant tensions, such as the relationship between authority and community, between faith and politics, between monastic tradition and historical commitment. The reception of the Council, far from being a linear process, emerged as a terrain of criticism and creativity, and, ultimately, of confrontation between different models of the Church. The story of the Grassroots Community of san Paolo shows how, within the Church itself, forms of organized criticism and theological reworking developed, applied to the level of practice. Its history allows for a more comprehensive rereading of the entire post-conciliar era, including actors and dynamics that have thus far remained marginalized. From a historiographical perspective, the work aimed to broaden the narrative of the Council’s reception, too often limited to episcopal and institutional perspectives. Studying Franzoni’s specific story also meant restoring space to forms of political and communitarian Christianity that, beyond any judgment of merit, marked the life of the Church, yet which have often been dismissed or forgotten.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Palmesano.Massimiliano
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