Inclusive Ergonomics in Manufacturing Processes: A Methodological Proposal for the Participation of People with High Levels of Support Needs in Workplaces

Inclusive ergonomics represents an advanced frontier of ergonomic research, aimed at designing work environments and processes that embrace human diversity, with particular attention to individuals with high levels of support needs. This paper presents the results of an applied research project conducted in collaboration between the Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari” at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, a specialized center for people with complex support needs, and a manufacturing. The objective of the research was to develop and test an operational methodology to support the inclusion of workers with high support needs within industrial production processes, using an approach grounded in the principles of inclusive ergonomics and human factors. Five factors are proposed in the design of an inclusive workplace, i.e. time, space, learning, role and self-esteem. The findings highlight that the inclusion of people with high levels of support needs, when supported by appropriate ergonomic design, employee training, and a favorable organizational context, can generate significant benefits not only for the individuals directly involved but for the entire production system. Notable improvements were observed in work quality, team cohesion, and the perceived meaning and value of work among employees. Furthermore, the adoption of inclusive practices aligns with corporate social responsibility and sustainability goals, strengthening the ethical and innovative identity of the partner company.