International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, χ2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with accumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.
Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study / Solmi, Marco; Thompson, Trevor; Estradé, Andrés; Agorastos, Agorastos; Radua, Joaquim; Cortese, Samuele; Dragioti, Elena; Leisch, Friedrich; Vancampfort, Davy; Thygesen, Lau Caspar; Aschauer, Harald; Schlögelhofer, Monika; Aschauer, Elena; Schneeberger, Andres; Huber, Christian G.; Hasler, Gregor; Conus, Philippe; Cuénod, Kim Q. Do; von Känel, Roland; Arrondo, Gonzalo; Fusar-Poli, Paolo; Gorwood, Philip; Llorca, Pierre-Michel; Krebs, Marie-Odile; Scanferla, Elisabetta; Kishimoto, Taishiro; Rabbani, Golam; Skonieczna-Żydecka, Karolina; Brambilla, Paolo; Favaro, Angela; Takamiya, Akihiro; Zoccante, Leonardo; Colizzi, Marco; Bourgin, Julie; Kamiński, Karol; Moghadasin, Maryam; Seedat, Soraya; Matthews, Evan; Wells, John; Vassilopoulou, Emilia; Gadelha, Ary; Su, Kuan-Pin; Kwon, Jun Soo; Kim, Minah; Lee, Tae Young; Papsuev, Oleg; Manková, Denisa; Boscutti, Andrea; Gerunda, Cristiano; Saccon, Diego; Righi, Elena; Monaco, Francesco; Croatto, Giovanni; Cereda, Guido; Demurtas, Jacopo; Brondino, Natascia; Veronese, Nicola; Enrico, Paolo; Politi, Pierluigi; Ciappolino, Valentina; Pfennig, Andrea; Bechdolf, Andreas; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Kahl, Kai G.; Domschke, Katharina; Bauer, Michael; Koutsouleris, Nikolaos; Winter, Sibylle; Borgwardt, Stefan; Bitter, Istvan; Balazs, Judit; Czobor, Pál; Unoka, Zsolt; Mavridis, Dimitris; Tsamakis, Konstantinos; Bozikas, Vasilios P.; Tunvirachaisakul, Chavit; Maes, Michael; Rungnirundorn, Teerayuth; Supasitthumrong, Thitiporn; Haque, Ariful; Brunoni, Andre R.; Costardi, Carlos Gustavo; Schuch, Felipe Barreto; Polanczyk, Guilherme; Luiz, Jhoanne Merlyn; Fonseca, Lais; Aparicio, Luana V.; Valvassori, Samira S.; Nordentoft, Merete; Vendsborg, Per; Hoffmann, Sofie Have; Sehli, Jihed; Sartorius, Norman; Heuss, Sabina; Guinart, Daniel; Hamilton, Jane; Kane, John; Rubio, Jose; Sand, Michael; Koyanagi, Ai; Solanes, Aleix; Andreu-Bernabeu, Alvaro; Cáceres, Antonia San José; Arango, Celso; Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M.; Hidalgo-Mazzei, Diego; Vieta, Eduard; Gonzalez-Peñas, Javier; Fortea, Lydia; Parellada, Mara; Fullana, Miquel A.; Verdolini, Norma; Andrlíková, Eva; Janků, Karolina; Millan, Mark J.; Honciuc, Mihaela; Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna; Łoniewski, Igor; Samochowiec, Jerzy; Kiszkiel, Łukasz; Marlicz, Maria; Sowa, Paweł; Marlicz, Wojciech; Spies, Georgina; Stubbs, Brendon; Firth, Joseph; Sullivan, Sarah; Darcin, Asli Enez; Aksu, Hatice; Dilbaz, Nesrin; Noyan, Onur; Kitazawa, Momoko; Kurokawa, Shunya; Tazawa, Yuki; Anselmi, Alejandro; Cracco, Cecilia; Machado, Ana Inés; Estrade, Natalia; De Leo, Diego; Curtis, Jackie; Berk, Michael; Carvalho, Andre F.; Ward, Philip; Teasdale, Scott; Rosenbaum, Simon; Marx, Wolfgang; Horodnic, Adrian Vasile; Oprea, Liviu; Alexinschi, Ovidiu; Ifteni, Petru; Turliuc, Serban; Ciuhodaru, Tudor; Bolos, Alexandra; Matei, Valentin; Nieman, Dorien H.; Sommer, Iris; van Os, Jim; van Amelsvoort, Therese; Sun, Ching-Fang; Guu, Ta-wei; Jiao, Can; Zhang, Jieting; Fan, Jialin; Zou, Liye; Yu, Xin; Chi, Xinli; de Timary, Philippe; van Winkel, Ruud; Ng, Bernardo; Pena, Edilberto; Arellano, Ramon; Roman, Raquel; Sanchez, Thelma; Movina, Larisa; Morgado, Pedro; Brissos, Sofia; Aizberg, Oleg; Mosina, Anna; Krinitski, Damir; Mugisha, James; Sadeghi-Bahmani, Dena; Sheybani, Farshad; Sadeghi, Masoud; Hadi, Samira; Brand, Serge; Errazuriz, Antonia; Crossley, Nicolas; Ristic, Dragana Ignjatovic; López-Jaramillo, Carlos; Efthymiou, Dimitris; Kuttichira, Praveenlal; Kallivayalil, Roy Abraham; Javed, Afzal; Afridi, Muhammad Iqbal; James, Bawo; Seb-Akahomen, Omonefe Joy; Fiedorowicz, Jess; Daskalakis, Jeff; Yatham, Lakshmi N.; Yang, Lin; Okasha, Tarek; Dahdouh, Aïcha; Gerdle, Björn; Tiihonen, Jari; Shin, Jae Il; Lee, Jinhee; Mhalla, Ahmed; Gaha, Lotfi; Brahim, Takoua; Altynbekov, Kuanysh; Negay, Nikolay; Nurmagambetova, Saltanat; Jamei, Yasser Abu; Weiser, Mark; Correll, Christoph U.. - In: PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH. - ISSN 0165-1781. - 342:(2024), pp. 1-29. [10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115972]
Global and risk-group stratified well-being and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in adults: Results from the international COH-FIT Study
Righi, Elena;
2024
Abstract
International studies measuring wellbeing/multidimensional mental health before/ during the COVID-19 pandemic, including representative samples for >2 years, identifying risk groups and coping strategies are lacking. COH-FIT is an online, international, anonymous survey measuring changes in well-being (WHO-5) and a composite psychopathology P-score, and their associations with COVID-19 deaths/restrictions, 12 a-priori defined risk individual/cumulative factors, and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic (26/04/2020-26/06/2022) in 30 languages (representative, weighted non-representative, adults). T-test, χ2, penalized cubic splines, linear regression, correlation analyses were conducted. Analyzing 121,066/142,364 initiated surveys, WHO-5/P-score worsened intra-pandemic by 11.1±21.1/13.2±17.9 points (effect size d=0.50/0.60) (comparable results in representative/weighted non-probability samples). Persons with WHO-5 scores indicative of depression screening (<50, 13% to 32%) and major depression (<29, 3% to 12%) significantly increased. WHO-5 worsened from those with mental disorders, female sex, COVID-19-related loss, low-income country location, physical disorders, healthcare worker occupations, large city location, COVID-19 infection, unemployment, first-generation immigration, to age=18-29 with accumulative effect. Similar findings emerged for P-score. Changes were significantly but minimally related to COVID-19 deaths, returning to near-pre-pandemic values after >2 years. The most subjectively effective coping strategies were exercise, internet use, social contacts. Identified risk groups, coping strategies and outcome trajectories can inform global public health strategies.
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