This thesis aims to reconstruct, analyze and evaluate the direct and indirect effects of the recent legislative decree no. 14/2019, which reformed bankruptcy law and approved the Corporate Crisis and Insolvency Code (CCII), which definitively entered into force on 15 July 2022, on the management of subordinate employment relationships, before and after any declaration of bankruptcy of the employing company. It is therefore an interdisciplinary research project that touches on both labor law and the law of business crises and insolvency. In fact, the legislation and practices regarding business crises have undergone important changes starting from 2020 as a result of the full entry into force of the Business Crisis and Insolvency Code. Among the innovations that had already come into force in the previous year was the art. 375, which, by modifying the art. 2086 of the Civil Code, is intended to influence the rules that regulate the physiological functioning of companies. The changes made by the aforementioned provision have affected both the heading of the art. 2086 c.c. (previously "Management and hierarchy in the company" now "Business management"), and on the content of the standard. In fact, a second paragraph has been added to the code provision, which obliges the entrepreneur who operates in a corporate or collective form to provide mechanisms capable of promptly detecting a situation of crisis in the company and loss of business continuity. . In particular, the new art. 2086 paragraph 2, c.c. requires the entrepreneur to establish an organisational, administrative and accounting structure that is appropriate to the nature and size of the company and which allows the detection of situations of business difficulty; this with a view to allowing the entrepreneur to use the tools provided by the law to overcome such situations (indeed, he would be the recipient of a real obligation in this sense). From these premises, the objective of this project is divided into two sub-objectives: analyzing and evaluating the impact on the management of employment relationships of the corporate organization in light of the corporate crisis and insolvency reform; reconstruct, analyze and evaluate the measures to support employed workers in the new code of business crisis and insolvency. In a context of uncertainty, the sooner we are able to know what and how much the effects of this reform will be, the sooner we will be able to intervene, with concrete measures, to assist companies in adapting to the new rules; in this regard, the project aims in particular to investigate the possible role of good practices and certification tools, with particular attention to their suitability for conveying suitable labor protection standards. Inevitably, employed workers, even if not directly affected by the reform, will not be indifferent to it, since most of the regulatory adaptation measures adopted by companies are likely to have important repercussions on subordinate employment relationships, in particular through the new principle of "adequate organisation" introduced in the art. 2086.

Il presente elaborato ha l’obiettivo di ricostruire, analizzare e valutare gli effetti, diretti e indiretti, del recente decreto legislativo n. 14/2019, che ha riformato il diritto fallimentare e approvato il Codice della crisi d’impresa e dell’insolvenza (CCII), entrato definitivamente in vigore il 15 luglio 2022, sulla gestione dei rapporti di lavoro subordinato, prima e dopo l’eventuale dichiarazione di fallimento dell’azienda datrice di lavoro. Si tratta quindi di un progetto di ricerca interdisciplinare che lambisce sia il diritto del lavoro che il diritto della crisi d’impresa e dell’insolvenza. Infatti, la normativa e le prassi in materia di crisi d’impresa a partire dall’anno 2020 hanno subito importanti modificazioni per effetto della piena entrata in vigore del Codice della crisi d’impresa e dell’insolvenza. Tra le novità entrate in vigore già nell’anno precedente figura l’art. 375, il quale, andando a modificare l’art. 2086 c.c., è destinato a influire sulle norme che regolano il funzionamento fisiologico delle imprese. Le modifiche apportate dalla disposizione summenzionata hanno inciso sia sulla rubrica dell’art. 2086 c.c. (in precedenza “Direzione e gerarchia nell’impresa” ora “Gestione d’impresa”), sia sul contenuto della norma. Alla disposizione codicistica, infatti, è stato aggiunto un secondo comma, il quale impegna l’imprenditore che operi in forma societaria o collettiva a prevedere dei meccanismi in grado di rilevare in maniera tempestiva una situazione di crisi dell’impresa e di perdita della continuità aziendale. In particolare, il nuovo art. 2086 comma 2, c.c. richiede all’imprenditore di istituire un assetto organizzativo, amministrativo e contabile che sia adeguato alla natura ed alle dimensioni dell’impresa e che consenta di rilevare situazioni di difficoltà aziendale; ciò nell’ottica di consentire all’imprenditore, di ricorrere agli strumenti previsti dall’ordinamento per superare tali situazioni (addirittura, egli sarebbe destinatario di un vero e proprio obbligo in questo senso). Da queste premesse, l’obiettivo del presente progetto si articola in due sotto-obiettivi: analizzare e valutare l’impatto sulla gestione dei rapporti di lavoro dell’organizzazione aziendale alla luce della riforma della crisi d’impresa e dell’insolvenza; ricostruire, analizzare a valutare le misure a sostegno dei lavoratori subordinati nel nuovo codice della crisi d’impresa e dell’insolvenza. In un quadro di incertezza, prima si riusciranno a conoscere quali e quanti saranno gli effetti di tale riforma, prima si potrà intervenire, con misure concrete, per assistere le imprese nell’adattamento alle nuove norme; a tale proposito, il progetto si propone in particolare di indagare il possibile ruolo delle buone prassi e degli strumenti di certificazione, con particolare attenzione alla loro idoneità a veicolare idonei standard di tutela del lavoro. Inevitabilmente, i lavoratori subordinati, anche se non toccati direttamente dalla riforma, non saranno ad essa indifferenti, poiché gran parte delle misure di adeguamento normativo adottate dalle imprese sono suscettibili di avere importanti riflessi sui rapporti di lavoro subordinato, in particolare per il tramite del nuovo principio di “adeguata organizzazione” introdotto nell’art. 2086.

Articolo 2086 c.c. e conseguenze della riforma della crisi d’impresa sui rapporti di lavoro subordinati / Alessandro Pignatti , 2024 May 11. 36. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2022/2023.

Articolo 2086 c.c. e conseguenze della riforma della crisi d’impresa sui rapporti di lavoro subordinati

PIGNATTI, ALESSANDRO
2024

Abstract

This thesis aims to reconstruct, analyze and evaluate the direct and indirect effects of the recent legislative decree no. 14/2019, which reformed bankruptcy law and approved the Corporate Crisis and Insolvency Code (CCII), which definitively entered into force on 15 July 2022, on the management of subordinate employment relationships, before and after any declaration of bankruptcy of the employing company. It is therefore an interdisciplinary research project that touches on both labor law and the law of business crises and insolvency. In fact, the legislation and practices regarding business crises have undergone important changes starting from 2020 as a result of the full entry into force of the Business Crisis and Insolvency Code. Among the innovations that had already come into force in the previous year was the art. 375, which, by modifying the art. 2086 of the Civil Code, is intended to influence the rules that regulate the physiological functioning of companies. The changes made by the aforementioned provision have affected both the heading of the art. 2086 c.c. (previously "Management and hierarchy in the company" now "Business management"), and on the content of the standard. In fact, a second paragraph has been added to the code provision, which obliges the entrepreneur who operates in a corporate or collective form to provide mechanisms capable of promptly detecting a situation of crisis in the company and loss of business continuity. . In particular, the new art. 2086 paragraph 2, c.c. requires the entrepreneur to establish an organisational, administrative and accounting structure that is appropriate to the nature and size of the company and which allows the detection of situations of business difficulty; this with a view to allowing the entrepreneur to use the tools provided by the law to overcome such situations (indeed, he would be the recipient of a real obligation in this sense). From these premises, the objective of this project is divided into two sub-objectives: analyzing and evaluating the impact on the management of employment relationships of the corporate organization in light of the corporate crisis and insolvency reform; reconstruct, analyze and evaluate the measures to support employed workers in the new code of business crisis and insolvency. In a context of uncertainty, the sooner we are able to know what and how much the effects of this reform will be, the sooner we will be able to intervene, with concrete measures, to assist companies in adapting to the new rules; in this regard, the project aims in particular to investigate the possible role of good practices and certification tools, with particular attention to their suitability for conveying suitable labor protection standards. Inevitably, employed workers, even if not directly affected by the reform, will not be indifferent to it, since most of the regulatory adaptation measures adopted by companies are likely to have important repercussions on subordinate employment relationships, in particular through the new principle of "adequate organisation" introduced in the art. 2086.
Article 2086 of the italian Civil Code and consequences of the corporate crisis reform on subordinate employment relationships
11-mag-2024
RUSSO, Alberto
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