Giftedness in the Italian school is an uncomfortable guest mainly due to poor teachers’ education about the topic (Dell’Anna & Marsili, 2022). This research wanted to investigate three main areas: a possible way to expand teachers’ awareness about giftedness, investigate teachers’ capability to identify students with a gifted profile and, some hypothesis of pedagogical and didactical answers to reach a full inclusive school fostering the educational right of every child. The research field was conducted in Parma in a state school, from infant school till middle school, through a participatory action research. The field lasted two school years, 2020-21 and 2021-22, involved about 20 teachers, students of 25 classes (3-13 years old), and parents. The research is an experimental pilot project in one school with about 1500 students in total and about 150 teachers, in northern Italy. Data have been collected through an online questionnaire to teachers before any information was given (T0 – Oct 2020 – 56 entries) and at the end of the second school year (T2 June 2022 – 52 entries). Furthermore, to allow teachers’ observation of their own students a sociometric test by Moreno has been used to understand relationship in class and gather students’ voice (Reffieuna, 2003). To include students voice a creative test has been adopted, TCD-as short version, in all participating classes and always on whole class (Moretti et al., Anno X). Last tool adopted has been the “standardized teacher and parent screening for identification of gifted and talented children” submitted to both teachers and parents (Fabio, 2019). After reflections based on these tools, results have been shared with parents. A deepened investigation has been proposed with a psychologist to double check teachers’ identification and to align with the Italian Ministry of Education rules to formally include them as gifted students.WISC IV cognitive test (Orsini et al., 2012) has been applied to some of the students pre-screened by teachers; cognitive test confirmed that 100% of student had an IQ higher of 130. Identified middle school students have been made aware of the reasons why the school was investigating and a path toward a self-comprehension has begun. Once students with a gifted profile had been named the research group made some pedagogical thoughts to respond to their needs and right to learn in school. Leveraging on critical and creative thinking, the need to help a metacognition while learning some didactic proposals have been made. To middle school students a one-to-one path has been proposed to promote a deeper self-understanding and all learning have been used to start a student-teacher shared personalised plan. The path has been then proposed to whole class. Primary school has adopted strategy for the whole class as differentiation (d’Alonzo & Monauni, 2021; Tomlinson, 2004, 2005), philosophy for children (Lipman, M.) joined to creative atelier and Making Thinking Visible (Giudici & Barchi, 2011; Mughini & Panzavolta, 2020). These have allowed a further and wider observation of the class and students’ reactions. Results show that teacher’s education, as already expressed in literature (Heyder et al., 2018; Piske et al., 2017), is a need to possibly identify gifted behaviour and to foster a full learning development and wellbeing in school. Teachers have been able during the research to identify and felt urgency to look for didactics strategy to meet every child expectation. Working with students surfaced the pleasure of understanding themselves and helped teachers to get a better alignment with interests and desire. The research has got limited of interpretation due to the pilot project study, still the sensitivity towards the topic has been spread within the school and a community feeling amongst teachers, parents and students has been strengthen.

L’alto potenziale nella scuola italiana è un ospite scomodo principalmente a causa della scarsa formazione degli insegnanti sull'argomento (Dell'Anna & Marsili, 2022). Questa ricerca ha voluto indagare tre aree principali: un possibile modo per espandere la consapevolezza degli insegnanti sul profilo di alto potenziale, indagare la capacità degli insegnanti di identificare gli studenti con tale profilo e, sperimentare alcune ipotesi di risposte pedagogiche e didattiche per raggiungere una scuola pienamente inclusiva che promuova il diritto educativo di ogni bambino. La ricerca è stata condotta a Parma in un istituto comprensivo, dalla scuola dell'infanzia fino alla scuola media, attraverso una ricerca-azione partecipata. La sperimentazione è durata due anni scolastici, 2020-21 e 2021-22, ha coinvolto circa 20 insegnanti, studenti di 25 classi (3-13 anni) e genitori. Progetto pilota sperimentale applicato in una scuola con circa 1500 studenti in totale e circa 150 insegnanti, nel nord Italia. I dati sono stati raccolti attraverso un questionario online volontario rivolto agli insegnanti prima della condivisione di qualsiasi informazione (T0 – ottobre 2020 – 56 risposte) e alla fine del secondo anno di implementazione della sperimentazione (T2 giugno 2022 – 52 risposte). Per sostenere gli insegnanti nell’osservazione dei propri studenti, è stato utilizzato il test sociometrico di Moreno per comprendere le relazioni in classe ed al tempo stesso raccogliere la voce degli studenti (Reffieuna, 2003). Stessa voce ascoltata anche con il test di creatività, TCD-AS versione breve, in tutte le classi partecipanti e sempre su tutta la classe (Moretti et al., 2017). L'ultimo strumento adottato è stato lo " Italian standardization of teacher and parent screenings for identifying gifted and talented children aged from 6 to 13" compilato sia dagli insegnanti che dai genitori (Fabio, 2019). I risultati, emersi dall’analisi di questi strumenti, sono stati condivisi con i genitori. È stata proposta un'indagine approfondita con uno psicologo per validare l’ipotetica identificazione da parte dei docenti e per allinearsi alla normativa ministeriale e includerli formalmente come studenti plusdotati. Il test cognitivo WISC IV (Orsini et al., 2012) è stato applicato ad alcuni degli studenti pre-selezionati dagli insegnanti; questo ha confermato che il 100% degli studenti aveva un QI superiore a 130. Dopo l’identificazione nelle classi degli studenti con un profilo di alto potenziale, il gruppo di ricerca ha fatto alcune riflessioni pedagogiche per rispondere ai loro bisogni e al diritto di imparare a scuola. Le proposte didattiche hanno fatto leva sullo sviluppo del pensiero critico e creativo, senza trascurare lo sviluppo della metacognizione. La scuola primaria ha sperimentato tecniche di differenziazione didattica (d'Alonzo & Monauni, 2021; Tomlinson, 2004, 2005), di philosophy for children (Lipman, M.) arricchita da un atelier creativo, e sessioni di Making Thinking Visible (Giudici & Barchi, 2011; Mughini & Panzavolta, 2020). Questi interventi hanno permesso un'ulteriore e più ampia osservazione delle reazioni della classe e degli studenti. I risultati mostrano che la formazione degli insegnanti, come già espresso in letteratura (Heyder et al., 2018; Piske et al., 2017), è necessaria per cercare di identificare comportamenti da alto potenziale, così come per la promozione di un pieno sviluppo dell'apprendimento e del benessere a scuola. La sensibilità verso l'argomento all'interno della scuola è palesemente leggibile così come è stato rafforzato un sentimento di comunità tra insegnanti, genitori e studenti.

Giftedness: opportunità per l’inclusività nella scuola italiana / Daniela Caserta , 2023 Oct 12. 35. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2021/2022.

Giftedness: opportunità per l’inclusività nella scuola italiana

CASERTA, DANIELA
2023

Abstract

Giftedness in the Italian school is an uncomfortable guest mainly due to poor teachers’ education about the topic (Dell’Anna & Marsili, 2022). This research wanted to investigate three main areas: a possible way to expand teachers’ awareness about giftedness, investigate teachers’ capability to identify students with a gifted profile and, some hypothesis of pedagogical and didactical answers to reach a full inclusive school fostering the educational right of every child. The research field was conducted in Parma in a state school, from infant school till middle school, through a participatory action research. The field lasted two school years, 2020-21 and 2021-22, involved about 20 teachers, students of 25 classes (3-13 years old), and parents. The research is an experimental pilot project in one school with about 1500 students in total and about 150 teachers, in northern Italy. Data have been collected through an online questionnaire to teachers before any information was given (T0 – Oct 2020 – 56 entries) and at the end of the second school year (T2 June 2022 – 52 entries). Furthermore, to allow teachers’ observation of their own students a sociometric test by Moreno has been used to understand relationship in class and gather students’ voice (Reffieuna, 2003). To include students voice a creative test has been adopted, TCD-as short version, in all participating classes and always on whole class (Moretti et al., Anno X). Last tool adopted has been the “standardized teacher and parent screening for identification of gifted and talented children” submitted to both teachers and parents (Fabio, 2019). After reflections based on these tools, results have been shared with parents. A deepened investigation has been proposed with a psychologist to double check teachers’ identification and to align with the Italian Ministry of Education rules to formally include them as gifted students.WISC IV cognitive test (Orsini et al., 2012) has been applied to some of the students pre-screened by teachers; cognitive test confirmed that 100% of student had an IQ higher of 130. Identified middle school students have been made aware of the reasons why the school was investigating and a path toward a self-comprehension has begun. Once students with a gifted profile had been named the research group made some pedagogical thoughts to respond to their needs and right to learn in school. Leveraging on critical and creative thinking, the need to help a metacognition while learning some didactic proposals have been made. To middle school students a one-to-one path has been proposed to promote a deeper self-understanding and all learning have been used to start a student-teacher shared personalised plan. The path has been then proposed to whole class. Primary school has adopted strategy for the whole class as differentiation (d’Alonzo & Monauni, 2021; Tomlinson, 2004, 2005), philosophy for children (Lipman, M.) joined to creative atelier and Making Thinking Visible (Giudici & Barchi, 2011; Mughini & Panzavolta, 2020). These have allowed a further and wider observation of the class and students’ reactions. Results show that teacher’s education, as already expressed in literature (Heyder et al., 2018; Piske et al., 2017), is a need to possibly identify gifted behaviour and to foster a full learning development and wellbeing in school. Teachers have been able during the research to identify and felt urgency to look for didactics strategy to meet every child expectation. Working with students surfaced the pleasure of understanding themselves and helped teachers to get a better alignment with interests and desire. The research has got limited of interpretation due to the pilot project study, still the sensitivity towards the topic has been spread within the school and a community feeling amongst teachers, parents and students has been strengthen.
Giftedness: making room in the Italian classroom
12-ott-2023
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