BACKGROUND Moderate or severe hypoxic hischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the most important cause of death and neurological sequelae in neonates. Even if in the last decade therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become the standard of care for brain injury control in term infants with HIE, up to 20% of infants are still affected by major neurological disabilities, particularly cerebral palsy. However areabased data regarding infants undergoing TH in Italy are lacking. OBJECTIVES The primary aim was to describe characteristics of infants who underwent TH in Italian NICUs during routine clinical practice. The secondary aim was to evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of life. METHODS This was an area-based prospective cohort study based on Neuronat Network, founded by Mariani Foundation. It involved all Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Emilia Romagna. A common data collection form on REDCap web platform was created, including perinatal data and information on neurodevelopmental follow-up (up to 2 years of life). We are enrolled all surviving infants born beyond 35 weeks of gestation age (from January 2016 to 2019), who underwent TH according to Italian Guidelines. Infants were evaluated up to 2 years of age through a neurological examination (according to the Amiel-Tison neurological assessment) and either through the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales or the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, depending on the local protocols. Severe functional disability at 2 years of age was defined as the presence of cerebral palsy, cognitive score <2 SD, bilat- eral blindness (visual acuity <6/60), bilateral deafness (requiring bilateral hearing aids or unilateral/bilateral cochlear implants) or presence of epilepsy. RESULTS The project included 181 HIE infants who underwent TH: 7 (3.8%) died and 125 completed neurodevelopmental follow-up at 2 years of age. Among these 16 (12.8%) infants developed severe functional disability. Cerebral palsy was the most frequent disease (12 put 16, 75%). Full criteria for TH were met by 48% of infants. CONCLUSIONS Neuronat is the first Italian study reporting the use of TH in routine clinical practice and the consequent long-term neurological outcome. It showed a low mortality rate and a low incidence of severe functional disability. Furthermore as recently reported by others, TH was frequently used beyond the guidelines indications.
BACKGROUND L'encefalopatia ipossica ischemica (HIE) moderata o grave è una delle più importanti cause di morte e di sequele neurologiche nei neonati. Anche se nell'ultimo decennio l'ipotermia terapeutica (TH) è diventata lo standard di cura per il controllo delle lesioni cerebrali nei neonati a termine con HIE, fino al 20% dei bambini è ancora affetto da disabilità neurologiche maggiori, in particolare paralisi cerebrale. Tuttavia, mancano dati area-based per quanto riguarda i neonati sottoposti a TH in Italia. OBIETTIVI L'obiettivo primario era descrivere le caratteristiche dei bambini sottoposti a TH nelle Terapie Intensive Neonatali italiane durante la pratica clinica di routine. L'obiettivo secondario era quello di valutare l'esito dello sviluppo neurologico a 2 anni di vita. METODI Si è trattato di uno studio di coorte prospettico afferente al Neuronat Network, finanziato dalla Fondazione Mariani. Ha coinvolto tutte le Unità di Terapia Intensiva Neonatale dell'Emilia Romagna. È stato creato un modulo comune di raccolta dati sulla piattaforma web REDCap, includendo dati perinatali e informazioni sul follow-up dello sviluppo neurologico (fino a 2 anni di vita). Sono stati arruolati tutti i bambini sopravvissuti nati oltre le 35 settimane di età gestazionale (da gennaio 2016 al 2019), che hanno subito TH secondo le Linee Guida Italiane. I neonati sono stati valutati a 2 anni di età con esame neurologico (secondo la valutazione neurologica di Amiel-Tison) e tramite Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales o Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, a seconda dei protocolli locali. Una grave disabilità funzionale a 2 anni di età è stata definita come la presenza di paralisi cerebrale, punteggio cognitivo <2 DS, cecità bilaterale (acuità visiva <6/60), sordità bilaterale (necessità di apparecchi acustici bilaterali o impianti cocleari unilaterali/bilaterali) o presenza di epilessia. RISULTATI Il progetto ha incluso 181 bambini HIE sottoposti a TH: 7 (3,8%) sono deceduti e 125 hanno completato il follow-up dello sviluppo neurologico a 2 anni di età. Tra questi 16 bambini (12,8%) hanno sviluppato una grave disabilità funzionale. La paralisi cerebrale era la malattia più frequente (12 put 16, 75%). I criteri completi per TH sono stati soddisfatti dal 48% dei bambini. CONCLUSIONI Neuronat è il primo studio italiano che ha riportato l'uso della TH nella pratica clinica di routine e il conseguente esito neurologico a lungo termine. Ha mostrato un basso tasso di mortalità e una bassa incidenza di grave disabilità funzionale. Inoltre, come recentemente riportato da altri, TH è stata frequentemente utilizzata al di fuori delle indicazioni delle linee guida.
Uso dell'ipotermia terapeutica nella pratica clinica di routine e follow-up neurologico a lungo termine nei neonati con encefalopatia neonatale: risultati di un Network Italiano / Luca Bedetti , 2023 May 19. 35. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2021/2022.
Uso dell'ipotermia terapeutica nella pratica clinica di routine e follow-up neurologico a lungo termine nei neonati con encefalopatia neonatale: risultati di un Network Italiano
Bedetti, Luca
2023
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate or severe hypoxic hischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the most important cause of death and neurological sequelae in neonates. Even if in the last decade therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become the standard of care for brain injury control in term infants with HIE, up to 20% of infants are still affected by major neurological disabilities, particularly cerebral palsy. However areabased data regarding infants undergoing TH in Italy are lacking. OBJECTIVES The primary aim was to describe characteristics of infants who underwent TH in Italian NICUs during routine clinical practice. The secondary aim was to evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of life. METHODS This was an area-based prospective cohort study based on Neuronat Network, founded by Mariani Foundation. It involved all Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Emilia Romagna. A common data collection form on REDCap web platform was created, including perinatal data and information on neurodevelopmental follow-up (up to 2 years of life). We are enrolled all surviving infants born beyond 35 weeks of gestation age (from January 2016 to 2019), who underwent TH according to Italian Guidelines. Infants were evaluated up to 2 years of age through a neurological examination (according to the Amiel-Tison neurological assessment) and either through the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales or the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, depending on the local protocols. Severe functional disability at 2 years of age was defined as the presence of cerebral palsy, cognitive score <2 SD, bilat- eral blindness (visual acuity <6/60), bilateral deafness (requiring bilateral hearing aids or unilateral/bilateral cochlear implants) or presence of epilepsy. RESULTS The project included 181 HIE infants who underwent TH: 7 (3.8%) died and 125 completed neurodevelopmental follow-up at 2 years of age. Among these 16 (12.8%) infants developed severe functional disability. Cerebral palsy was the most frequent disease (12 put 16, 75%). Full criteria for TH were met by 48% of infants. CONCLUSIONS Neuronat is the first Italian study reporting the use of TH in routine clinical practice and the consequent long-term neurological outcome. It showed a low mortality rate and a low incidence of severe functional disability. Furthermore as recently reported by others, TH was frequently used beyond the guidelines indications.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi definitiva Luca Bedetti.pdf
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