The orbital magnetic moment of a finite piece of matter is expressed in terms of the one-body density matrix as a simple trace. We address a macroscopic system, insulating in the bulk, and we show that its orbital moment is the sum of a bulk term and a surface term, both extensive. The latter only occurs when the transverse conductivity is nonzero and it is due to conducting surface states. Simulations on a model Hamiltonian validate our theory.
Orbital magnetization in insulators: Bulk versus surface / Bianco, R; Resta, R. - In: PHYSICAL REVIEW. B. - ISSN 2469-9950. - 93:17(2016), pp. 174417-174417. [10.1103/PhysRevB.93.174417]
Orbital magnetization in insulators: Bulk versus surface
Bianco, R;Resta, R
2016
Abstract
The orbital magnetic moment of a finite piece of matter is expressed in terms of the one-body density matrix as a simple trace. We address a macroscopic system, insulating in the bulk, and we show that its orbital moment is the sum of a bulk term and a surface term, both extensive. The latter only occurs when the transverse conductivity is nonzero and it is due to conducting surface states. Simulations on a model Hamiltonian validate our theory.
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