The corrosion of ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) by molten silicate deposits, usually known as “CMAS” from their main constituents (CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2), is an issue of increasing concern in modern gas turbines as the turbine inlet temperatures are increased to enhance thermodynamic efficiency. Because conventional ZrO2- 7wt%Y2O3 (7YSZ) dissolves quite readily in a CMAS melt, many alternative materials have been proposed, but there are not many comparative studies among them. Multi-layer architectures featuring a tougher 7YSZ bottom layer and a more brittle, but more CMAS corrosion-resistant top layer have also been proposed; therefore, a comparison among these architectures is also in order. In this paper we studied comparatively the resistance to CMAS corrosion and to thermal cycling fatigue (an essential pre-requisite for any TBC system) of Gd2Zr2O7, ZrO2–55wt%Y2O3 and Gd/Yb/Y co-doped ZrO2, both in the form of single, dense-vertically cracked (DVC) layers deposited by plasma spraying onto an MCrAlY bond coat, and as top layers with a bottom layer of either porous or DVC 7YSZ. It was found that Gd2Zr2O7 resists CMAS corrosion, without any grain-boundary dissolution, slightly better than does ZrO2–55wt%Y2O3. They both develop a solid Gd- or Y-apatite layer (respectively) at the interface with the CMAS melt, driven by the rather large difference in optical basicity between these compounds and CMAS itself, but the Y-apatite layer is less continuous and, therefore, a bit less protective. Gd/Yb/Y co-doped ZrO2, instead, suffers as much grain-boundary dissolution in contact with molten CMAS as does 7YSZ. A Gd2Zr2O7/porous 7YSZ system would therefore exhibit simultaneously high resistance to CMAS dissolution and to thermal cycling fatigue, although there is a risk that the CMAS melt might infiltrate the segmentation macro- cracks and the microcracks of the Gd2Zr2O7 layer and undermine the porous 7YSZ bottom layer.

CMAS corrosion and thermal cycling fatigue resistance of alternative thermal barrier coating materials and architectures: A comparative evaluation / Morelli, Stefania; Bursich, Simone; Testa, Veronica; Bolelli, Giovanni; Miccichè, Alessandro; Lusvarghi, Luca. - In: SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY. - ISSN 0257-8972. - 439:(2022), pp. 1-20. [10.1016/j.surfcoat.2022.128433]

CMAS corrosion and thermal cycling fatigue resistance of alternative thermal barrier coating materials and architectures: A comparative evaluation

Morelli, Stefania;Testa, Veronica;Bolelli, Giovanni;Lusvarghi, Luca
2022

Abstract

The corrosion of ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) by molten silicate deposits, usually known as “CMAS” from their main constituents (CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2), is an issue of increasing concern in modern gas turbines as the turbine inlet temperatures are increased to enhance thermodynamic efficiency. Because conventional ZrO2- 7wt%Y2O3 (7YSZ) dissolves quite readily in a CMAS melt, many alternative materials have been proposed, but there are not many comparative studies among them. Multi-layer architectures featuring a tougher 7YSZ bottom layer and a more brittle, but more CMAS corrosion-resistant top layer have also been proposed; therefore, a comparison among these architectures is also in order. In this paper we studied comparatively the resistance to CMAS corrosion and to thermal cycling fatigue (an essential pre-requisite for any TBC system) of Gd2Zr2O7, ZrO2–55wt%Y2O3 and Gd/Yb/Y co-doped ZrO2, both in the form of single, dense-vertically cracked (DVC) layers deposited by plasma spraying onto an MCrAlY bond coat, and as top layers with a bottom layer of either porous or DVC 7YSZ. It was found that Gd2Zr2O7 resists CMAS corrosion, without any grain-boundary dissolution, slightly better than does ZrO2–55wt%Y2O3. They both develop a solid Gd- or Y-apatite layer (respectively) at the interface with the CMAS melt, driven by the rather large difference in optical basicity between these compounds and CMAS itself, but the Y-apatite layer is less continuous and, therefore, a bit less protective. Gd/Yb/Y co-doped ZrO2, instead, suffers as much grain-boundary dissolution in contact with molten CMAS as does 7YSZ. A Gd2Zr2O7/porous 7YSZ system would therefore exhibit simultaneously high resistance to CMAS dissolution and to thermal cycling fatigue, although there is a risk that the CMAS melt might infiltrate the segmentation macro- cracks and the microcracks of the Gd2Zr2O7 layer and undermine the porous 7YSZ bottom layer.
2022
439
1
20
CMAS corrosion and thermal cycling fatigue resistance of alternative thermal barrier coating materials and architectures: A comparative evaluation / Morelli, Stefania; Bursich, Simone; Testa, Veronica; Bolelli, Giovanni; Miccichè, Alessandro; Lusvarghi, Luca. - In: SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY. - ISSN 0257-8972. - 439:(2022), pp. 1-20. [10.1016/j.surfcoat.2022.128433]
Morelli, Stefania; Bursich, Simone; Testa, Veronica; Bolelli, Giovanni; Miccichè, Alessandro; Lusvarghi, Luca
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1274543
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