The last guidelines for the hospital care of patients affected by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory failure have moved towards a widely accepted use of noninvasive respiratory support (NIRS) as opposed to early intubation at the pandemic onset. The establishment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia goes through different pathophysiological phases that partially resemble typical acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and have been categorized into different clinicalradiological phenotypes. These can variably benefit on the application of external positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during noninvasive mechanical ventilation, mainly due to variable levels of lung recruit ability and lung compliance during different phases of the disease. A growing body of evidence suggests that intense respiratory effort producing excessive negative pleural pressure swings (Ppl) plays a critical role in the onset and progression of lung and diaphragm damage in patients treated with noninvasive respiratory support. Routine respiratory monitoring is mandatory to avoid the nasty continuation of NIRS in patients who are at higher risk for respiratory deterioration and could benefit from early initiation of invasive mechanical ventilation instead. Here we propose different monitoring methods both in the clinical and experimental settings adapted for this purpose, despite further research is required to allow their extensive application in clinical practice. We reviewed the needs and available tools for a clinical-physiological monitoring that aims at optimizing the ventilatory management of patients affected by acute respiratory distress syndrome due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Different Methods to Improve the Monitoring of Noninvasive Respiratory Support of Patients with Severe Pneumonia / ARDS Due to COVID-19: An Update / Pelosi, Paolo; Tonelli, Roberto; Torregiani, Chiara; Baratella, Elisa; Confalonieri, Marco; Battaglini, Denise; Marchioni, Alessandro; Confalonieri, Paola; Clini, Enrico; Salton, Francesco; Ruaro, Barbara. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 11:6(2022), pp. 1-21. [10.3390/jcm11061704]

Different Methods to Improve the Monitoring of Noninvasive Respiratory Support of Patients with Severe Pneumonia / ARDS Due to COVID-19: An Update.

Roberto Tonelli;Alessandro Marchioni;Enrico Clini;
2022

Abstract

The last guidelines for the hospital care of patients affected by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory failure have moved towards a widely accepted use of noninvasive respiratory support (NIRS) as opposed to early intubation at the pandemic onset. The establishment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia goes through different pathophysiological phases that partially resemble typical acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and have been categorized into different clinicalradiological phenotypes. These can variably benefit on the application of external positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during noninvasive mechanical ventilation, mainly due to variable levels of lung recruit ability and lung compliance during different phases of the disease. A growing body of evidence suggests that intense respiratory effort producing excessive negative pleural pressure swings (Ppl) plays a critical role in the onset and progression of lung and diaphragm damage in patients treated with noninvasive respiratory support. Routine respiratory monitoring is mandatory to avoid the nasty continuation of NIRS in patients who are at higher risk for respiratory deterioration and could benefit from early initiation of invasive mechanical ventilation instead. Here we propose different monitoring methods both in the clinical and experimental settings adapted for this purpose, despite further research is required to allow their extensive application in clinical practice. We reviewed the needs and available tools for a clinical-physiological monitoring that aims at optimizing the ventilatory management of patients affected by acute respiratory distress syndrome due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
2022
19-mar-2022
11
6
1
21
Different Methods to Improve the Monitoring of Noninvasive Respiratory Support of Patients with Severe Pneumonia / ARDS Due to COVID-19: An Update / Pelosi, Paolo; Tonelli, Roberto; Torregiani, Chiara; Baratella, Elisa; Confalonieri, Marco; Battaglini, Denise; Marchioni, Alessandro; Confalonieri, Paola; Clini, Enrico; Salton, Francesco; Ruaro, Barbara. - In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. - ISSN 2077-0383. - 11:6(2022), pp. 1-21. [10.3390/jcm11061704]
Pelosi, Paolo; Tonelli, Roberto; Torregiani, Chiara; Baratella, Elisa; Confalonieri, Marco; Battaglini, Denise; Marchioni, Alessandro; Confalonieri, P...espandi
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
Pelosi (Monitoring the NRS methods in COVID-19 - review 2022).pdf

Open access

Tipologia: Versione pubblicata dall'editore
Dimensione 5.33 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
5.33 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri
Pubblicazioni consigliate

Licenza Creative Commons
I metadati presenti in IRIS UNIMORE sono rilasciati con licenza Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal, mentre i file delle pubblicazioni sono rilasciati con licenza Attribuzione 4.0 Internazionale (CC BY 4.0), salvo diversa indicazione.
In caso di violazione di copyright, contattare Supporto Iris

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1270103
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 59
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 52
social impact