Introduction: Lockdown due to pandemic has caused an increase in BMI and CV risk factors in obese patients (pts), while pts with T1DM showed greater glucose stability with unchanged HbA1c levels. Obese adolescents with T2DM may have been negatively affected by social restrictions. Objectives: Primary aim of the study was to compare HbA1c levels between pre-lockdown and first 4 months of 2021 of adolescents with T2DM. Secondary aims were to compare BMI, total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides between the 2 periods. Methods: We collected data of 56 pts (23 M, 33 F) from 12 Italian centres of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED). Inclusion criteria were age 10-20 years, T2DM, visit 1 in the 4 months before lock-down and same parameters at visit 2 in the first 4 months of 2021. Age at diagnosis was 13.1±2.7 yrs and 14.7±2.4 yrs at visit 1, family history for T2DM in one or both parents in 57% of cases. Results: HbA1c levels showed a non significant increase between visit 1 and 2 (7.1±1.8 vs 7.3±2.1%; p=NS). In 22 pts HbA1c increased by more than 0.5%, in 12 decreased (<0.5%). 20 pts showed a HbA1c>7% at visit 1 and 24 at visit 2. There were no significant changes between the 2 visits as for BMI (31.2±5.9 vs 31±6.2), total cholesterol (176±35 vs 178±31 mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (43.6±9 vs 45.5±12 mg/dl), triglycerides (143±198 vs 130±73 mg/dl). There were no differences between the 2 sexes. HbA1c at visit 1 was positively correlated with that of visit 2 only in females (p=0.0001). Treatment at visit 1 was none in 4 pts, metformin in 27 pts, insulin in 8 pts and metformin+insulin in 17 pts. Pts on insulin were 25 at visit 1 and 22 at visit 2. Conclusions: The long period of social restrictions does not seem to have affected metabolic control and CV risk factors in our adolescents with T2DM followed in the Italian centres of the ISPED. Metabolic control was apparently more irregular in male patients compared to that of female patients.
Metabolic control and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in adolescents with T2DM in the pandemic year: a multicentre study / Zucchini, S.; Iafusco, D.; Cherubini, V.; Schiaffini, R.; Lenzi, L.; Mozzillo, E.; Calcaterra, V.; Gallo, F.; Arnaldi, C.; Delvecchio, M.; Rabbone, I.; Minuto, N.; Predieri, B.; Zanfardino, A.; Piscopo, A.; Tiberi, V.; Rapini, N.; Toni, S.; Maltoni, G.. - In: PEDIATRIC DIABETES. - ISSN 1399-543X. - 22:S30(2021), pp. 39-40. (Intervento presentato al convegno 47th Annual Conference of the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) nel October 13–15, 2021) [10.1111/pedi.13269].
Metabolic control and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in adolescents with T2DM in the pandemic year: a multicentre study
B. Predieri;
2021
Abstract
Introduction: Lockdown due to pandemic has caused an increase in BMI and CV risk factors in obese patients (pts), while pts with T1DM showed greater glucose stability with unchanged HbA1c levels. Obese adolescents with T2DM may have been negatively affected by social restrictions. Objectives: Primary aim of the study was to compare HbA1c levels between pre-lockdown and first 4 months of 2021 of adolescents with T2DM. Secondary aims were to compare BMI, total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides between the 2 periods. Methods: We collected data of 56 pts (23 M, 33 F) from 12 Italian centres of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED). Inclusion criteria were age 10-20 years, T2DM, visit 1 in the 4 months before lock-down and same parameters at visit 2 in the first 4 months of 2021. Age at diagnosis was 13.1±2.7 yrs and 14.7±2.4 yrs at visit 1, family history for T2DM in one or both parents in 57% of cases. Results: HbA1c levels showed a non significant increase between visit 1 and 2 (7.1±1.8 vs 7.3±2.1%; p=NS). In 22 pts HbA1c increased by more than 0.5%, in 12 decreased (<0.5%). 20 pts showed a HbA1c>7% at visit 1 and 24 at visit 2. There were no significant changes between the 2 visits as for BMI (31.2±5.9 vs 31±6.2), total cholesterol (176±35 vs 178±31 mg/dl), HDL cholesterol (43.6±9 vs 45.5±12 mg/dl), triglycerides (143±198 vs 130±73 mg/dl). There were no differences between the 2 sexes. HbA1c at visit 1 was positively correlated with that of visit 2 only in females (p=0.0001). Treatment at visit 1 was none in 4 pts, metformin in 27 pts, insulin in 8 pts and metformin+insulin in 17 pts. Pts on insulin were 25 at visit 1 and 22 at visit 2. Conclusions: The long period of social restrictions does not seem to have affected metabolic control and CV risk factors in our adolescents with T2DM followed in the Italian centres of the ISPED. Metabolic control was apparently more irregular in male patients compared to that of female patients.
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