Background: Hepatitis C virus recurrence after liver transplantation is universal, leading to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Aims and patients: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon and ribavirin in 20 patients with recurrent Hepatitis C virus after liver transplantation (10 naïve and 10 non-responders to a previous interferon course). Methods: Treatment consisted of pegylated interferon alfa-2b (1.0 μg/kg once weekly) and ribavirin (600 mg/daily) for at least 6 months. Therapy continued for an additional 6 months only in patients with undetectable serum Hepatitis C virus-RNA or >2 log drop from baseline levels. Results: Eleven out of 20 patients (55%) completed 1 year of treatment. Nine patients (45%) had undetectable Hepatitis C virus-RNA at the end of treatment, six of them were naïves and three non-responders. In all of them, virological response persisted 6 months after discontinuation of therapy, so the sustained virological response rate was 60% in naïve patients and 30% in non-responders. Conclusions: Our results suggest that pegylated interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy may be effective in patients with post-liver transplantation recurrent chronic Hepatitis C, even in those previously non-responders to interferon plus ribavirin. These results need to be confirmed by large studies

Pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for recurrent Hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation in naive and non-responder patients on a stable immunosuppressive regimen / Biselli, M; Andreone, P; Gramenzi, A; Lorenzini, S; Loggi, E; Bonvicini, F; Cursaro, C; Bernardi, M.. - In: DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE. - ISSN 1590-8658. - 38(2006), pp. 27-32. [10.1016/j.dld.2005.08.009]

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