Early and Long-term Results of ePTFE (Gore TAG®) versus Dacron (Relay Plus® Bolton) Grafts in Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Background: The aim of this study is to compare early and late results of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE—Gore TAG®, group A) mesh structured endograft versus a Dacron one (Relay Plus® Bolton, group B) in thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR). Methods: A prospective database was used to extract information from anonymous patients who underwent TEVAR for descending thoracic aortic aneurysms (DTAAs) between February 2005 and February 2019 at 3 referral university hospitals. Cases treated by means of ePTFE endograft (Gore TAG, group A) and Dacron graft (Relay Plus Bolton, group B) in elective and urgent settings were included. Early and late outcomes were compared. Results: A total of 129 consecutive patients were included (115 men and 14 women). ePTFE—Gore TAG® and Dacron—Relay Plus® Bolton were used in 56 (43.4%) and 73 (56.5%) patients, respectively. Preoperative characteristics of patients were similar. Technical success was 100%. Urgent procedures were 22.4%. Mean aortic coverage and partial debranching were 217.5 ± 91.3 and 37.2%, respectively. Early mortality and spinal cord ischemia (SCI) were 8.5% and 2.3%, respectively, without differences between the 2 groups. Early reintervention was required in 5.4% (group A) and 11% (group B), P = 0.29. Median follow-up was 32 months (interquartile range 12–55 months, range 1–156 months), similar between the 2 groups. Type I endoleak (EL), type II EL, and type III EL were observed in 16.3%, 10.9%, and 3.1% of cases, respectively, without significant differences between the groups. The rate of sac shrinkage was 28.6% in group A vs. 39.7% in group B (P = 0.19). Freedom from reintervention in group A versus group B at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months was 94.0% vs. 97.1%, 94.0% vs. 95.5%, 90.8% vs. 86.9%, and 81.1% vs. 80.4%, respectively (log-rank 0.35, Breslow 0.54). Rate of survival at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months was 96.0% vs. 94.2%, 89.3% vs. 86.8%, 76.5% vs. 77.5%, and 63.3% vs. 64.2%, respectively (log-rank 0.30, Breslow 0.57). Conclusions: ePTFE—Gore TAG and Dacron—Relay Plus Bolton in DTAA presented similar early and late results in terms of mortality, SCI, EL, and TEVAR-related reinterventions. Effectiveness of TEVAR procedure was confirmed by the high rate of sac shrinkage and it was not influenced by endograft fabric.