To create, distribute, and evaluate the efficacy of a portable, cost effective 3D-printed laparoscopic trainer for surgical skills development.

Objective: To create, distribute, and evaluate the efficacy of a portable, cost-effective 3D-printed laparoscopic trainer for surgical skills development. Methods: The UCI Trainer (UCiT) laparoscopic simulator was developed via computer-aided designs (CAD), which were used to 3D-print the UCiT. Once assembled, a tablet computer with a rear-facing camera was attached for video and optics. Four institutions were sent the UCiT CAD files with a 3D-printer and instructions for UCiT assembly. For a comparison of the UCiT to a standard trainer, peg transfer and intracorporeal knot tying skills were accessed. These tasks were scored, and participants were asked to rate their experience with the trainers. Lastly, a questionnaire was given to individuals who 3D-printed and assembled the UCiT. Results: We recruited 25 urologists; none had any 3D-printing experience. The cost of printing each trainer was $26.50 USD. Each institution used the Apple iPad for optics. Six of eight participants assembled the UCiT in < 45 minutes, and rated assembly as somewhat easy. On objective scoring, participants performed tasks equally well on the UCiT vs the conventional trainer. On subjective scoring, the conventional trainer provided a significantly better experience vs the UCiT; however, all reported that the UCiT was useful for surgical education. Conclusion: The UCiT is a low cost, portable training tool that is easy to assemble and use. UCiT provided a platform whereby participants performed laparoscopic tasks equal to performing the same tasks on the more expensive, nonportable standard trainer.

Multi-institutional Evaluation of Producing and Testing a Novel 3D-Printed Laparoscopic Trainer / Parkhomenko, E.; Yoon, R.; Okhunov, Z.; Patel, R. M.; Dolan, B.; Kaler, K.; Schwartz, M. J.; Shah, P. H.; Bierwiler, H.; Gamboa, A. J.; Miano, R.; Germani, S.; Fabbro, D. D.; Zordani, A.; Micali, S.; Kavoussi, L. R.; Clayman, R. V.; Landman, J.. - In: UROLOGY. - ISSN 0090-4295. - 124(2019), pp. 297-301.

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