BACKGROUNDCutaneous squamous-cell carcinomas and keratoacanthomas are common findings in patients treated with BRAF inhibitors.METHODSWe performed a molecular analysis to identify oncogenic mutations (HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, CDKN2A, and TP53) in the lesions from patients treated with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. An analysis of an independent validation set and functional studies with BRAF inhibitors in the presence of the prevalent RAS mutation was also performed.RESULTSAmong 21 tumor samples, 13 had RAS mutations (12 in HRAS). In a validation set of 14 samples, 8 had RAS mutations (4 in HRAS). Thus, 60% (21 of 35) of the specimens harbored RAS mutations, the most prevalent being HRAS Q61L. Increased proliferation of HRAS Q61L-mutant cell lines exposed to vemurafenib was associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-pathway signaling and activation of ERK-mediated transcription. In a mouse model of HRAS Q61L-mediated skin carcinogenesis, the vemurafenib analogue PLX4720 was not an initiator or a promoter of carcinogenesis but accelerated growth of the lesions harboring HRAS mutations, and this growth was blocked by concomitant treatment with a MEK inhibitor.CONCLUSIONSMutations in RAS, particularly HRAS, are frequent in cutaneous squamous-cell carcinomas and keratoacanthomas that develop in patients treated with vemurafenib. The molecular mechanism is consistent with the paradoxical activation of MAPK signaling and leads to accelerated growth of these lesions. (Funded by Hoffmann-La Roche and others; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00405587, NCT00949702, NCT01001299, and NCT01006980.)

RAS Mutations in Cutaneous Squamous-Cell Carcinomas in Patients Treated with BRAF Inhibitors / Su, F; Viros, A; Milagre, C; Trunzer, K; Bollag, G; Spleiss, O; Reis, Js; Kong, Xj; Koya, Rc; Flaherty, Kt; Chapman, Pb; Kim, Mj; Hayward, R; Martin, M; Yang, H; Wang, Qq; Hilton, H; Hang, Js; Noe, J; Lambros, M; Geyer, F; Dhomen, N; Niculescu Duvaz, I; Zambon, Alfonso; Niculescu Duvaz, D; Preece, N; Robert, L; Otte, Nj; Mok, S; Kee, D; Ma, Y; Zhang, C; Habets, G; Burton, Ea; Wong, B; Nguyen, H; Kockx, M; Andries, L; Lestini, B; Nolop, Kb; Lee, Rj; Joe, Ak; Troy, Jl; Gonzalez, R; Hutson, Te; Puzanov, I; Chmielowski, B; Springer, Cj; Mcarthur, Ga; Sosman, Ja; Lo, Rs; Ribas, A; Marais, R.. - In: THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. - ISSN 0028-4793. - 366:3(2012), pp. 207-215. [10.1056/NEJMoa1105358]

RAS Mutations in Cutaneous Squamous-Cell Carcinomas in Patients Treated with BRAF Inhibitors

ZAMBON, Alfonso;
2012

Abstract

BACKGROUNDCutaneous squamous-cell carcinomas and keratoacanthomas are common findings in patients treated with BRAF inhibitors.METHODSWe performed a molecular analysis to identify oncogenic mutations (HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, CDKN2A, and TP53) in the lesions from patients treated with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. An analysis of an independent validation set and functional studies with BRAF inhibitors in the presence of the prevalent RAS mutation was also performed.RESULTSAmong 21 tumor samples, 13 had RAS mutations (12 in HRAS). In a validation set of 14 samples, 8 had RAS mutations (4 in HRAS). Thus, 60% (21 of 35) of the specimens harbored RAS mutations, the most prevalent being HRAS Q61L. Increased proliferation of HRAS Q61L-mutant cell lines exposed to vemurafenib was associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-pathway signaling and activation of ERK-mediated transcription. In a mouse model of HRAS Q61L-mediated skin carcinogenesis, the vemurafenib analogue PLX4720 was not an initiator or a promoter of carcinogenesis but accelerated growth of the lesions harboring HRAS mutations, and this growth was blocked by concomitant treatment with a MEK inhibitor.CONCLUSIONSMutations in RAS, particularly HRAS, are frequent in cutaneous squamous-cell carcinomas and keratoacanthomas that develop in patients treated with vemurafenib. The molecular mechanism is consistent with the paradoxical activation of MAPK signaling and leads to accelerated growth of these lesions. (Funded by Hoffmann-La Roche and others; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00405587, NCT00949702, NCT01001299, and NCT01006980.)
2012
366
3
207
215
RAS Mutations in Cutaneous Squamous-Cell Carcinomas in Patients Treated with BRAF Inhibitors / Su, F; Viros, A; Milagre, C; Trunzer, K; Bollag, G; Spleiss, O; Reis, Js; Kong, Xj; Koya, Rc; Flaherty, Kt; Chapman, Pb; Kim, Mj; Hayward, R; Martin, M; Yang, H; Wang, Qq; Hilton, H; Hang, Js; Noe, J; Lambros, M; Geyer, F; Dhomen, N; Niculescu Duvaz, I; Zambon, Alfonso; Niculescu Duvaz, D; Preece, N; Robert, L; Otte, Nj; Mok, S; Kee, D; Ma, Y; Zhang, C; Habets, G; Burton, Ea; Wong, B; Nguyen, H; Kockx, M; Andries, L; Lestini, B; Nolop, Kb; Lee, Rj; Joe, Ak; Troy, Jl; Gonzalez, R; Hutson, Te; Puzanov, I; Chmielowski, B; Springer, Cj; Mcarthur, Ga; Sosman, Ja; Lo, Rs; Ribas, A; Marais, R.. - In: THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. - ISSN 0028-4793. - 366:3(2012), pp. 207-215. [10.1056/NEJMoa1105358]
Su, F; Viros, A; Milagre, C; Trunzer, K; Bollag, G; Spleiss, O; Reis, Js; Kong, Xj; Koya, Rc; Flaherty, Kt; Chapman, Pb; Kim, Mj; Hayward, R; Martin, M; Yang, H; Wang, Qq; Hilton, H; Hang, Js; Noe, J; Lambros, M; Geyer, F; Dhomen, N; Niculescu Duvaz, I; Zambon, Alfonso; Niculescu Duvaz, D; Preece, N; Robert, L; Otte, Nj; Mok, S; Kee, D; Ma, Y; Zhang, C; Habets, G; Burton, Ea; Wong, B; Nguyen, H; Kockx, M; Andries, L; Lestini, B; Nolop, Kb; Lee, Rj; Joe, Ak; Troy, Jl; Gonzalez, R; Hutson, Te; Puzanov, I; Chmielowski, B; Springer, Cj; Mcarthur, Ga; Sosman, Ja; Lo, Rs; Ribas, A; Marais, R.
File in questo prodotto:
Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.
Pubblicazioni consigliate

Licenza Creative Commons
I metadati presenti in IRIS UNIMORE sono rilasciati con licenza Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal, mentre i file delle pubblicazioni sono rilasciati con licenza Attribuzione 4.0 Internazionale (CC BY 4.0), salvo diversa indicazione.
In caso di violazione di copyright, contattare Supporto Iris

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1138873
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? 368
  • Scopus 921
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 812
social impact