Objective. We carried out a population-based case-control study to assess the possibility of an excess risk of childhood leukemia in urban areas, independently from road traffic pollution. Methods. Study subjects were the 111 cases of childhood leukemia diagnosed from 1998 to 2011 among residents of two provinces of the northern Italian Emilia-Romagna region, and 444 controls matched by age and sex. Through mapping of the region carried out by remote sensing, we examined the percentage of urban or rural area in the 100-meter circular buffer around each child's house. We also modeled annual average exposure to benzene and PM10 from vehicular traffic at each residence. Results. In a multivariate model adjusting for benzene and PM10, the odds ratio of leukemia associated with residence in a highly urbanized area and residential area (≥95% land use of this type near the child's home) was 1.4 (95% confidence intervals 0.8-2.4) and 1.3 (0.8-2.2), respectively. An increased risk was also found in association with the proximity to "dumps, scrap yards, and building sites". No association emerged with residence in rural areas or near industrial plants. Conclusions. These results indicate that children living in urban areas experience an excess leukemia risk, independently from exposure to pollutants from vehicles.
Obiettivo. Abbiamo condotto uno studio caso-controllo di popolazione per valutare la possibile associazione tra incidenza di leucemia infantile e residenza in aree urbanizzate, indipendentemente dall’esposizione a inquinanti da traffico autoveicolare. Metodi. Abbiamo individuato i 111 casi di leucemia infantile diagnosticati nel periodo 1998-2011 nelle province di Modena e Reggio Emilia e una popolazione di controllo, costituita da quattro bambini appaiati per sesso, anno di nascita e provincia di residenza a ciascun caso. Di tali bambini abbiamo georeferenziato l’indirizzo di residenza e determinato l’uso del suolo nelle immediate vicinanze (100 m), basandoci sulla mappatura del territorio regionale effettuata mediante telerilevamento. Risultati. Il rischio relativo di leucemia nei bambini residenti in aree urbane o più strettamente residenziali (uso del suolo di tali tipologie ≥95%) è risultato rispettivamente pari a 1.4 (intervalli di confidenza al 95%: 0.8-2.4) e 1.3 (0.8-2.2), dopo aggiustamento per benzene e PM10. Un incremento del rischio è risultato associato anche alla prossimità ad aree estrattive, discariche e cantieri, mentre nessuna associazione è emersa con la residenza in aree rurali o industrializzate. Conclusioni. Questi risultati suggeriscono come la residenza in aree altamente urbanizzate sia associata a un incremento del rischio di leucemia infantile, indipendentemente dall’inquinamento autoveicolare.
Increased incidence of childhood leukemia in urban areas: a population-based case-control study / Malagoli, Carlotta; Malavolti, Marcella; Costanzini, Sofia; Fabbi, Sara; Teggi, Sergio; Palazzi, Giovanni; Arcolin, Elisa; Vinceti, Marco. - In: EPIDEMIOLOGIA E PREVENZIONE. - ISSN 1120-9763. - STAMPA. - 39:4 Suppl. 1(2015), pp. 102-107.
Increased incidence of childhood leukemia in urban areas: a population-based case-control study
MALAGOLI, Carlotta;MALAVOLTI, Marcella;COSTANZINI, SOFIA;FABBI, Sara;TEGGI, Sergio;Arcolin, Elisa;VINCETI, Marco
2015
Abstract
Objective. We carried out a population-based case-control study to assess the possibility of an excess risk of childhood leukemia in urban areas, independently from road traffic pollution. Methods. Study subjects were the 111 cases of childhood leukemia diagnosed from 1998 to 2011 among residents of two provinces of the northern Italian Emilia-Romagna region, and 444 controls matched by age and sex. Through mapping of the region carried out by remote sensing, we examined the percentage of urban or rural area in the 100-meter circular buffer around each child's house. We also modeled annual average exposure to benzene and PM10 from vehicular traffic at each residence. Results. In a multivariate model adjusting for benzene and PM10, the odds ratio of leukemia associated with residence in a highly urbanized area and residential area (≥95% land use of this type near the child's home) was 1.4 (95% confidence intervals 0.8-2.4) and 1.3 (0.8-2.2), respectively. An increased risk was also found in association with the proximity to "dumps, scrap yards, and building sites". No association emerged with residence in rural areas or near industrial plants. Conclusions. These results indicate that children living in urban areas experience an excess leukemia risk, independently from exposure to pollutants from vehicles.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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