Among soft chemistry strategies for the preparation of advanced functional oxide nanomaterials, solution combustion synthesis (SCS) can be easily considered the most appealing one. Indeed, with respect, for example, to sol-gel (both hydrolytic and non-hydrolytic) and hydrothermal (or solvothermal) techniques, SCS is significantly less energy and time consuming, the reason of which mainly relies in its self-sustaining character [1, 2]. However, although SCS advantages have been widely recognized and accepted worldwide, contributing to make this synthetic route well fitting in the green inorganic chemistry field [3, 4], quantitative data related to its environmental as well as human health impact is missing in the scientific literature. Therefore, starting from a previous work from our group [5], in which the green metrics evaluation of a hydrolytic sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles was accurately investigated, a similar approach was applied in the present work to quantitatively assess the impact of SCS of similar oxide material. Particularly SCS of anatase nanoparticles consists in the following three reaction steps [6]: hydrolysis (eq. 1), nitration (eq. 2) and CS employing glycine as fuel (eq. 3). Ti(C4H9O)4 + 3H2O → TiO(OH)2 + 4C4H9OH (eq. 1) TiO(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → TiO(NO3)2 + 2H2O (eq. 2) 3TiO(NO3)2 + 5C2H5NO2 → 3TiO2 + 8N2 + 5CO2 + 10 H2O (eq. 3) A first evaluation, from a mere chemical point of view, was realized by means of the software EATOS (Environmental Assessment Tool for Organic Syntheses [7]). This software allows calculating some important environmental parameters, by considering data, which are easily available from the material safety data sheets. Moreover, in order to take into consideration other potentially impacting categories such as transportation, energy and time requirements, thus realizing a cradle to the grave environmental evaluation, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA, [8]) of the SCS of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles has been realized. The obtained results will allow for the first time to quantitatively determine the widely recognized “greenness” of SCS technique, and, concurrently, to compare this synthetic strategy to those more conventionally employed. The quantitative environmental parameters obtained by the combined EATOS-LCA methodology, will be extremely useful to inorganic chemists and material scientists with a strong environmental awareness. The potential applicability, of the here proposed quantitative environmental assessment to further combustion synthesis-based processes and products will be discussed as well.

Quantitative environmental assessment of solution combustion synthesis of oxide nanomaterials / Rosa, Roberto; Pini, Martina; Ferrari, Anna Maria. - ELETTRONICO. - (2015). (Intervento presentato al convegno XIII International Symposium on Self‐Propagating High‐Temperature Synthesis tenutosi a Antalya ‐ TURKEY nel October 12–15, 2015).

Quantitative environmental assessment of solution combustion synthesis of oxide nanomaterials

ROSA, Roberto;PINI, MARTINA;FERRARI, Anna Maria
2015

Abstract

Among soft chemistry strategies for the preparation of advanced functional oxide nanomaterials, solution combustion synthesis (SCS) can be easily considered the most appealing one. Indeed, with respect, for example, to sol-gel (both hydrolytic and non-hydrolytic) and hydrothermal (or solvothermal) techniques, SCS is significantly less energy and time consuming, the reason of which mainly relies in its self-sustaining character [1, 2]. However, although SCS advantages have been widely recognized and accepted worldwide, contributing to make this synthetic route well fitting in the green inorganic chemistry field [3, 4], quantitative data related to its environmental as well as human health impact is missing in the scientific literature. Therefore, starting from a previous work from our group [5], in which the green metrics evaluation of a hydrolytic sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles was accurately investigated, a similar approach was applied in the present work to quantitatively assess the impact of SCS of similar oxide material. Particularly SCS of anatase nanoparticles consists in the following three reaction steps [6]: hydrolysis (eq. 1), nitration (eq. 2) and CS employing glycine as fuel (eq. 3). Ti(C4H9O)4 + 3H2O → TiO(OH)2 + 4C4H9OH (eq. 1) TiO(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → TiO(NO3)2 + 2H2O (eq. 2) 3TiO(NO3)2 + 5C2H5NO2 → 3TiO2 + 8N2 + 5CO2 + 10 H2O (eq. 3) A first evaluation, from a mere chemical point of view, was realized by means of the software EATOS (Environmental Assessment Tool for Organic Syntheses [7]). This software allows calculating some important environmental parameters, by considering data, which are easily available from the material safety data sheets. Moreover, in order to take into consideration other potentially impacting categories such as transportation, energy and time requirements, thus realizing a cradle to the grave environmental evaluation, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA, [8]) of the SCS of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles has been realized. The obtained results will allow for the first time to quantitatively determine the widely recognized “greenness” of SCS technique, and, concurrently, to compare this synthetic strategy to those more conventionally employed. The quantitative environmental parameters obtained by the combined EATOS-LCA methodology, will be extremely useful to inorganic chemists and material scientists with a strong environmental awareness. The potential applicability, of the here proposed quantitative environmental assessment to further combustion synthesis-based processes and products will be discussed as well.
2015
XIII International Symposium on Self‐Propagating High‐Temperature Synthesis
Antalya ‐ TURKEY
October 12–15, 2015
Rosa, Roberto; Pini, Martina; Ferrari, Anna Maria
Quantitative environmental assessment of solution combustion synthesis of oxide nanomaterials / Rosa, Roberto; Pini, Martina; Ferrari, Anna Maria. - ELETTRONICO. - (2015). (Intervento presentato al convegno XIII International Symposium on Self‐Propagating High‐Temperature Synthesis tenutosi a Antalya ‐ TURKEY nel October 12–15, 2015).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11380/1121900
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