Lanthanum - mediated modification of GABAA receptor deactivation, desensitization and inhibitory synaptic currents

We investigated La3+ effects on recombinant and native γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors using rapid agonist applications and on inhibitory synaptic currents (IPSCs) in granule and stellate neurons of rat cerebellar slices.Rapid desensitization of currents elicited by 200 ms pulses of 1 mM GABA to small lifted cells transfected with α1β3γ2 cDNAs was greatly decreased by the coapplication of 100 μm LaCl3.GABA responses were unaffected when coapplication lasted only 2 ms. In contrast, with LaCl3 pre-perfusion, a significant slowing of deactivation in response to 2 ms applications was observed. LaCl3 pre-perfusion also prolonged the duration of responses to 20 mM taurine.Outside-out patches excised from cells transfected with α1β3γ2 subunit cDNAs were briefly exposed to a saturating concentration of GABA, eliciting a transient activation of single channel currents with a main conductance of 30 pS. Opening and burst durations increased by pre-equilibration of patches with LaCl3.LaCl3 depressed the peak amplitude without affecting the slow deactivation and desensitization of GABA responses in cells transfected with α6β3γ2 and α6β3δ cDNAs. No significant difference in La3+ modulation of GABA-gated currents was observed between α1β3γ2 and α1β3δ receptors.The effects of LaCl3 on deactivation and desensitization of GABA responses observed in nucleated patches excised from rat cerebellar granule and stellate neurons were comparable to those in the cells transfected with α1β3γ2 cDNAs. In addition, La3+ clearly prolonged the spontaneous IPSC time course without changing the amplitude.Our results indicate that La3+ has a dual action on GABA-gated currents: it decreases desensitization and increases channel opening duration. These actions depend on receptor subunit composition and contribute to the prolongation of IPSCs.