Are Italians white? Have they always been? If so, were they part of the majority that led the country or rather of a minority, often little aware of this identity? The experience of Italians in Chicago is a paradigmatic event of the entire US migration history. Although there have been many analyzes about the italian experience in the USA, with regard to the period from the 1870s to the Second World War, there’s a lack of researches about the second half of the XX century, especially in Italy. Despite this, Italian immigration after 1945 is still relevant, not only quantitatively but also qualitatively. The great changes that seize US society in the second half of the 1900s still had Italian-Americans of different generations as protagonists, who thus maintain a leading role. The city of Chicago, with his great importance on questions like economic, social and urban development throughout the century, is one of the main areas to have hosted relevant phases of the Italian migration experience in the USA. Among these, of course, the relationship with other communites, i.e. the African American one, emerges as a crucial question of the whole Italian experience in North America. This relationship is fundamental if we want to better understand issue such as intolerance and anti-Italian prejudice. Meanwhile, we need to know the history of this relationship if we want to study in deep the processes of political participation of Italian Americans, as well as the emancipation of this community itself, which for decades has not having clearly acknowledged his whiteness. And it is only through the identification of a model that bears many of those non-Wasp stereotypes that Italian Americans have been able to identify that path to become “true American ethnics”, however without any guarantee of being considered as such. Through the study of two very important sources, the Reports of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the transcriptions of the interviews of the 1979/1981’s Italians in the Chicago Oral History Project, both almost never used in Italy, it was possible to understand twenty years of Italian-American experience in Chicago, with some useful future theories.

Gli italiani sono bianchi? Lo sono sempre stati? Se così fosse, erano parte della maggioranza che guidava il Paese o piuttosto di una minoranza, spesso poco consapevole di questa identità? L'esperienza degli italiani a Chicago è un evento paradigmatico dell'intera questione migratoria statunitense. Per quanto vi siano state profonde analisi sul tema per quel che riguarda il periodo che va dagli anni '70 del XIX secolo sino alla Seconda Guerra Mondiale, gli studi che hanno approfondito i decenni successivi sono rari se non unici, soprattutto in Italia. Nonostante questo, l'immigrazione italiana dopo il 1945 è ancora rilevante, non solo sul piano quantitativo ma anche qualitativo. I grandi mutamenti che colgono la società statunitense nella seconda metà del '900 vedono protagonisti gli italoamericani di diverse generazioni, che mantengono quindi un ruolo di primo piano. La città di Chicago, protagonista di uno sviluppo economico, sociale così come urbanistico di grande importanza lungo l'intero secolo, è tra le principali aree ad aver ospitato fasi rilevanti dell'esperienza migratoria italiana negli USA. Tra queste di certo il rapporto con un'altra comunità, quella afroamericana, emerge poiché questione cruciale dell'intera esperienza italiana in Nord America. È di fondamentale importanza per comprendere fenomeni quali l'intolleranza ed il pregiudizio anti italiano, ed allo stesso tempo per metter a fuoco i processi di partecipazione politica degli italoamericani, così come l'emancipazione stessa di questa comunità, che risente di decenni durante i quali la propria whiteness non era pienamente riconosciuta. Ed è solo attraverso l'individuazione di un modello portatore di tanti di quegli stereotipi non wasp che gli italoamericani hanno potuto individuare quel percorso intraprendere per divenire veri american ethnics, senza comunque garanzia di riuscita. Mediante lo studio di due fonti importantissime, ovvero i Reports of the Immigration and Naturalization Service nonché le trascrizione delle interviste realizzate tra il 1979 ed il 1981 per l'Italians in Chicago Oral History Project, entrambe pressoché mai utilizzate in Italia, si è potuto comprendere meglio un ventennio di esperienza italoamericana a Chicago, stabilendo utili prospettive future.

We were minority. Italiani ed afroamericani a Chicago tra emancipazione e conflitti, 1945 –1965. Un'analisi storica tra documenti d'archivio e fonti orali / Marco Moschetti , 2020 Mar 06. 32. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2018/2019.

We were minority. Italiani ed afroamericani a Chicago tra emancipazione e conflitti, 1945 –1965. Un'analisi storica tra documenti d'archivio e fonti orali.

MOSCHETTI, MARCO
2020

Abstract

Are Italians white? Have they always been? If so, were they part of the majority that led the country or rather of a minority, often little aware of this identity? The experience of Italians in Chicago is a paradigmatic event of the entire US migration history. Although there have been many analyzes about the italian experience in the USA, with regard to the period from the 1870s to the Second World War, there’s a lack of researches about the second half of the XX century, especially in Italy. Despite this, Italian immigration after 1945 is still relevant, not only quantitatively but also qualitatively. The great changes that seize US society in the second half of the 1900s still had Italian-Americans of different generations as protagonists, who thus maintain a leading role. The city of Chicago, with his great importance on questions like economic, social and urban development throughout the century, is one of the main areas to have hosted relevant phases of the Italian migration experience in the USA. Among these, of course, the relationship with other communites, i.e. the African American one, emerges as a crucial question of the whole Italian experience in North America. This relationship is fundamental if we want to better understand issue such as intolerance and anti-Italian prejudice. Meanwhile, we need to know the history of this relationship if we want to study in deep the processes of political participation of Italian Americans, as well as the emancipation of this community itself, which for decades has not having clearly acknowledged his whiteness. And it is only through the identification of a model that bears many of those non-Wasp stereotypes that Italian Americans have been able to identify that path to become “true American ethnics”, however without any guarantee of being considered as such. Through the study of two very important sources, the Reports of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the transcriptions of the interviews of the 1979/1981’s Italians in the Chicago Oral History Project, both almost never used in Italy, it was possible to understand twenty years of Italian-American experience in Chicago, with some useful future theories.
We were minority. Italians and Afro-Americans in Chicago between emancipation and conflict, 1945 –1965. An historical analysis between archival documents and oral sources.
6-mar-2020
BERTUCELLI, Lorenzo
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